EXTERNAL STRUCTURE 



consist in the first place of an upper lip or labrum and a pair 

 of powerful jaws or mandibles, which work laterally instead 

 of up and down as is the case with our jaws. Behind the 

 jaws, comes a pair 

 of more slender 

 accessory jaws or 

 maxillse to each 

 of which is at- 

 tached a small 

 feeler or palp. 

 The lower or pos- 

 terior part of the 

 mouth is bound- 

 ed by a lower lip 

 or labium, to 

 which are also 

 attached feeler- 

 like structures. 



The thorax, or 

 middle part of 

 the body, may be 

 considered as the 

 motor portion of 

 the insect. To 

 it are attached 

 above two pairs 

 of wings. In a 

 state of rest 

 these wings are 

 laid back over 

 the posterior 

 part of the body 

 or abdomen ; the 

 posterior and 

 more delicate 

 pair are neatly 

 folded beneath 

 the leathery 



anterior pair, 

 which are com- 

 monly called 

 wing-covers (e- 

 lytra). When in use, 



the wings are extended 



at right 



