BUNTING. 41 



summer it is not uncommon, thus proving that even our 

 homebred birds are subject to the migratory movement. In 

 Ireland it is found throughout the island and is a permanent 

 resident, but even there Mr. Garrett, as quoted by Thomp- 

 son, inclines to the belief that it exhibits the same tendency, 

 to which indeed the long-observed habit of the species, as 

 before stated, to become gregarious in winter is but a prelude. 

 In Norway this bird is found but in one locality, the 

 Jtederen reef, which it would seem to have colonized from 

 the not very distant coast of Jutland. In Sweden it is almost 

 confined to the extreme south, being rare even near Gotten - 

 burg, but it inhabits ffiland, though it does not seem- to 

 reach Finland. On the southern shore of the Baltic it is 

 very common in Denmark and so continues at least as far 

 as Livonia. In Russia its most northern range cannot be 

 given, but though local, it appears to be numerous in certain 

 districts, especially towards the south. It does not penetrate 

 to Siberia, but Dr. Dode procured it in Turkestan and De 

 Filippi found it in all the cultivated parts of Persia. Abbott 

 obtained it many years ago at Trebizond, and Canon Tris- 

 tram says it is resident in Palestine and as common there 

 as the Skylark is in England. In winter it visits Arabia 

 Petrsea and Egypt, extending its range to Nubia, where how- 

 ever it is less often seen. Jardine had a specimen from 

 Tunis, and it is abundant in Algeria and Morocco. Dr. 

 Bolle found it common in the Canaries. In Portugal it 

 would seem to be local, but in certain districts plentiful, 

 as it is also in Southern Spain. Throughout the rest of 

 Europe it is more or less generally dispersed, its distribution 

 apparently depending chiefly on the fitness of the district 

 for the growth of corn. 



The upper mandible has a dark brown stripe along the 

 culmen, the remainder and the lower mandible being pale 

 yellow-brown : irides dark hazel : the head, neck, back and 

 upper tail-coverts, pale hair-brown, streaked longitudinally 

 with dark brown, the dark line occupying the middle of each 

 feather; the wing-coverts and tertials dark brown, broadly 

 margined with pale wood-brown ; wing- and tail-quills dark 



VOL. II. a 



