48 RESIDENTS AND MIGRANTS. 
RUFF and REEVE. Machetes pugnasx (Linnzeus). 
A spring and autumn migrant. Formerly nested 
annually in the eastern counties of England. A few 
pairs only now remain to breed in favourable localities, 
where, fortunately, they are preserved. 
COMMON SANDPIPER. Tringoides hypoleucus (Lin- 
neus ). 
Spring and autumn migrant; remaining to breed 
in the north of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ire- 
land. More rarely the nest has been found in some 
of the southern counties of England. 
KNOT. Tringa canutus, Linneus. 
A spring and autumn migrant, some remaining 
throughout the winter. 
CURLEW SANDPIPER. Tinga subarquata (Giulden- 
staedt). 
A spring and autumn migrant. ‘The discovery of a 
nest “in a tract of sedgy bog round the Loch of 
Spynie, near Elgin, on the 8th June, 1853,” has 
been chronicled by Mr. Robert Gray, in his ‘ Birds of 
the West of Scotland.’ 
PURPLE SANDPIPER. Tringa maritima, Briinnich. 
A regular winter visitant. Instances of its oc- 
currence between April and September are rare, 
although it is supposed to breed within the limits of 
the British Islands. Hitherto, however, the nest has 
not been discovered. 
