XXIII ACANTHOPTERYGII 661 
They are remarkable for the movable flap below the eye, bearing 
a luminous organ, the nature of which has recently been investi- 
gated by Max Weber. 
Fam. 12. Pseudochromididae.—Closely allied to the Ser- 
ranidae, and connected with them through Plesiops and_ its 
allies. Dorsal and anal fins elongate and formed mostly of 
articulated soft rays, the spines being feeble and few. 
A. With two lateral lines: Pseudochromis, Cichlops. 
B. With a single lateral line: Opisthognathus, Latilus, Caulo- 
latilus, Lopholatilus, Malacanthus, Bathymaster, Rathbunella. 
Marine, mostly of small size, inhabiting the Atlantic, Indian, 
and Pacific Oceans. About 50 species. One of the largest and 
best-known members of this family is the Tile-Fish (Lopholatilus 
chamaeleonticeps), living upon the bottom of what is known as the 
Ftc. 404.—Tile-Fish (Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps). 4. (After Goode and Bean.) 
Gulf Stream slope, off the coast of New England, where it was 
first observed in 1879. Here the water is normally compara- 
tively warm, coming as it does from the superheated region of the 
Gulf of Mexico. During a series of unusually severe gales in 188 2, 
this mass of water was pushed aside, as it were, and replaced by 
colder water. As a result, millions and millions of these fishes 
were killed, and their dead bodies literally covered the surface of 
the sea for hundreds of square miles. It was feared that the Tile- 
Fish was exterminated; this was not so, however, and the fish 
has reappeared in tolerable abundance within the last few years. 
Fam. 13. Cepolidae.— Agree in essential characters with the 
preceding, but body band-like with very numerous vertebrae 
1 Siboga Expedition, Introd. 1902, p. 108. 
