136 STOCK-POISONING PLANTS OF MONTANA. 



in diameter (PI. XXIX). The leaves are narrowly oblong or lance- 

 shaped, thickish, the upper ones linear. The plant grows in all parts 

 of Montana in woodland and moderately moist localities. This species 

 is common throughout the Rocky Mountain region. 



This plant, most commonly known as arnica, is one of the most 

 common flowers in pasture lands in and about Bozeman in May and in 

 the early part of June. It has an odor and taste much like that of the 

 official drug, and, in fact, an extract made from the heads is consider- 

 abl}^ used locally as a liniment. No specific cases of poisoning caused 

 by the plant have been reported from Montana, and we are not aware 

 that it is eaten, but it has, nevertheless, been suspected of being poi- 

 sonous to stock. 



Dr. S. B. Nelson^ states that a sheep ate 2 pounds (of the leaves ?) 

 of A. fulgens within a day without experiencing any bad effect. The 

 plants had been gathered eighteen hours. 



ANEMONE. 



{Pulsatilla hirsutissima (Pursh) Britton.) 



A silky perennial 3 to 10 inches high, with an erect purplish flower 

 developed before the leaves, its parts numbering from 5 to 7, the 

 leaves 3-parted with the parts further subdivided. The flowers are 

 from 2 to 3 inches in diameter when fully opened, and the seeds in the 

 fruiting heads bear long silky tails. The flowers appear in earliest 

 spring. This plant is one of the most common spring flowers on hill- 

 sides in all parts of the State. Its general distribution is from the 

 Rocky Mountains eastward to Illinois and Wisconsin. 



Specimens were found in blossom at middle elevations on Bridger 

 Peak as late as May 26. The taste of the plant is acrid, and it has been 

 suspected of being poisonous by stockmen, but no eases have been 

 brought to our attention in which good evidence could be obtained 

 against the plant. 



RED WIND FLOWER. 



{Anemone glohosa Nutt.) 



Perennial silky herbs 6 to 12 inches high with 2 to 3 parted leaves, 

 their divisions linear, and with white, greenish, or red flowers, followed 

 by an oblong, silky, fruiting head. The flowers appear in May or 

 June. The plant is common .n valleys and open woodlands throughout 

 the State. The general distribution of the plant includes the northern 

 borders of the United States and northward across the continent, and 

 also the Rocky Mountain region through Colorado. The stem has a 

 very acrid taste, and would undoubtedly prove poisonous if eaten. 

 No instances of poisoning are known, and no evidence has been adduced 

 to show that stock have eaten the plant. 



' U. S. Dept. Agr., B. A. I. Bnl. 22, p. 13. 1898. 



