64 ANATIDAA 
Geographical distribution.—The bird has been found 
breeding in Spitzbergen! and is said to breed in Iceland 
also. It probably nests in many other countries of 
Northern Europe. On migration, in the cold season, it 
has been recorded from Holland, Belgium and France, 
and it probably visits many other countries in Europe. 
DESCRIPTIVE CHARACTERS. 
PLUMAGE. Adult male nwptial—Head and upper part 
of neck, ashy-brown; lower neck, chestnut ; back and wings, 
sreyish-brown, edged with yellowish-white ; lower back, 
dark grey; wing-coverts, bluish-grey; breast and abdo- 
men, light greyish-brown; primaries, bluish-grey;  tail- 
feathers, grey, edged with white; upper and under tail- 
coverts, white. 
Adult female nuptial.—Similar in plumage to the male. 
Adult winter, male and female.—Similar to the nuptial 
plumage. 
Immature, male and female.—Darker in colour than the 
adult and with less definite markings. 
Brak. Proportionately shorter and more slender than 
in other ‘Grey’ Geese. Basal part as far as the nostrils, 
black ; tip or ‘nail,’ black; centre pink. 
Fret. Pink; claws black. 
TripEs. Dark brown. 
AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 
TOTAL LENGTH 23) sn. 
WING Fe Ware 
BEAK nes ae Ore 
TARSO-METATARSU Pore oe 
EGe 3:12 <X 2°25 10 
SNOW-GOOSE. Chen hyperboreus (Pallas). 
Coloured Figures.—Dresser, ‘ Birds of Europe,’ vol. vi, pl. 413; 
Lilford, ‘Coloured Figures,’ vol. vii, pl. 24; Alpheraky, 
‘Geese of Hurope and Asia,’ pl. 1. 
The Snow-Goose, as its name implies, is pure white 
except the tips of the wings, which are black ; it therefore 
1 Here the nest has been found on a stony hill-side, overhung by 
a rock some seven hundred feet above the Fjord, with no water except 
the sea in the vicinity (Sir R. Payne-Gallwey). 
