POE PED Dl Ck 123 
Adult winter, male and -female.—Similar to the respective 
nuptial plumage. 
Immature, male and female.—Bears a general resem- 
blance to the female plumage, but the shades are duller. 
Beak. Deep slate-colour. 
Fret. Deep slate-colour, but webs darker. 
Ir1pES. White, commonly called ‘ pearl.’ 
AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 
TOTAL LENGTH ..* Lee Sa TION halen hoe 
WING ~ ve ant So gS aoe 
Brak ae Lee oa Sy Oe: 
TARSO-METATARSUS Be eee. 
Eee Dolpa le ane 
Allied Species and Representative Forms.—F. beri is the 
genuine Eastern representative. 
TUFTED DUCK. Fuligula cristata (Leach). 
Coloured Figures.—Gould, ‘Birds of Great Britain,’ vol. vy, 
pl. 23; Dresser, ‘Birds of Hwurope,’ vol. vi, pl. 437; 
Lilford, ‘Coloured Figures,’ vol. vii, pl. 47. 
This familar species, known to sportsmen as the 
‘Magpie Diver,’ is generally distributed over the British 
Isles. It is resident in many counties, and its numbers are 
largely increased in winter by migrants from northern 
latitudes. The winter-visitors do not as a rule become 
plentiful until December; about April they take their 
departure for colder regions. 
The Tufted Duck is, on the whole, fonder of fresh than 
of salt water. It 1s not commonly met with on the open 
sea, though limited numbers frequent bays and estuaries. I 
have generally seen this Duck in small parties of from five 
to twenty birds, never in great flocks like Wigeon or Scaup. 
The adult male is easily identified when swimming un- 
suspiciously on a lake, by his white flanks and black upper 
plumage. By creeping cautiously to the water’s edge and 
