146 ANATIDAG 
female garb may possibly be assumed for a short period, 
as in the case of. the Velvet-Scoter. 
Adult female nuptial. — Chiefly dark brown; wing- 
coverts, lighter; sides of the neck and cheeks, greyish- 
white; chin, impure white. 
Adult winter, male and female.—Similar to the respective 
nuptial plumages. 
Inumature, male and female-—Cheeks, chin, sides and 
front of neck, breast, and abdomen, dull greyish-white ; 
lower part of the abdomen, mottled with white and brown. 
Beak. Black, with the ‘basal protuberance’ marked 
in the middle line by a narrow band of orange-yellow, which, 
widening out, extends nearly to the tip. In the female the 
‘basal protuberance ’ and orange band are absent. 
FEET. Deep brownish-black. 
IrntpEs. Dark brown. 
AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 
TOTAL LENGTH ... ae sen e200) Thay 
WING aa ay ee i) = 
BAK cod Soe tet yO, 
TARSO-METATARSUS LEP 
1 Diexe: OF x AS aa 
Allied Species and iepresentative Forms.—C#. americana, 
with a completely orange-yellow ‘ basal protuberance,’ is the 
North American representative. 
VELVET-SCOTER. CGdemia fusca (Linneus). 
Coloured Figures.—Gould, ‘ Birds of Great Britain,’ vol. v, pl. 
29; Dresser, ‘ Birds of Europe,’ vol. vi, pl. 448; Lilford, 
‘Coloured Figures,’ vol. vii, pl. 56. 
This is the largest of the three Scoters which visit British 
waters. It may readily be distinguished from the former 
species by the white band on its wings. It cannot be said 
that the Velvet-Scoter is a plentiful winter-visitor, yet it is 
not infrequent along the south and east coasts of England 
and Scotland, as far north as the Orkneys. 
