COMMON REDSHANK 541 
obtained near Marazion, in Cornwall, by E. Vingoe, on 
September 12th, 1871 (Rodd, ‘ Birds of Cornwall,’ p. 93). 
DESCRIPTIYE CHARACTERS. 
PLUMAGE. Adult male nuptial.—Top of head and back 
of neck, greyish-white, striped with black ; back and wings, 
hight brown, with blotches and transverse bars of black on 
the scapulars and secondaries; tail-feathers, white with 
several hight brown bands, which are broadest on the central 
pairs; upper tail-coverts, white with dusky-brown bars; 
chin, breast, and abdomen, white ; neck, also white, thickly 
striped with hght brown; axillaries, white, barred with 
ash-brown. 
Adult female nuptial.—Similar to the male plumage. 
Adult winter, male and female—General colour of the 
top of the head, back, scapulars, and wings, light greyish- 
brown; neck and throat, whitish, the streaks being scarcely 
visible. 
Immature, male and female.—Resembles the adult winter- 
plumage, but the feathers of the back, scapulars, and wings, 
are tinged with brownish-white. 
BEAK. Black, and slender. 
Freer. Bright yellow. 
TR1DES. Blackish-brown. 
Keas. Pale buff, blotched with dark and light brown: 
clutch, four. 
AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 
TOTAL LENGTH ... ie Soe AUORRGy ria 
WING ase cs ee Oras 
BEAK one at Jes te ee eA 
TARSO-METATARSUS 2, 4 
Kee US) Se Gen shat 
COMMON REDSHANK.' Totanus calidris (Linneus). 
Coloured Figures.—Gould, ‘ Birds of Great Britain,’ vol. iv, pl. 
d4; Dresser, ‘Birds of Europe,’ vol. viii, pls. 567 fig. 1, 
568 fig. 1, 569 fig. 2; Lilford, ‘Coloured Figures,’ vol. vy, 
pl. 49. 
The Common Redshank is the most plentiful, widely 
distributed, and familiar of the true Sandpipers (Totanus), 
' Casual observers often misapply the name ‘Redshank’ to the 
Black-headed Gull, which also has red legs. 
