PUFFIN 501 
of head, light greyish-white, the cheeks of a lighter shade ; 
neck completely surrounded by a broad black collar ; back, 
scapulars, wings, and upper tail-coverts, glossy-black ; tail 
(of 16 feathers), black ; primaries, brownish-black ; breast, 
abdomen, and under tail-coverts, white. 
Adult female nuptial.—Similar in plumage to the male. 
Adult winter, male and female.—Similar to the nuptial 
plumage except that the cheeks are dark grey, especially in 
front of the eye, where they are almost mouse-brown 
colour. The gloss of the dark feathers is faintly developed. 
Immature, male and female. — Cheeks, deep grey ; 
feathers in front of the eye, black, as in the adult winter- 
plumage. 
Nestling.—Jet-black. 
BraKk. Very deep from above downwards, but flattened 
from side to side. Coloured in distinct areas ; basal portion, 
blue; terminal portion, carmine; narrow intermediate pcr- 
tion, ight yellow; tip, dark horn-colour. Hach side of the 
beak is grooved and ridged as already described. In winter 
it is shallower as the outer sheath is shed (Bureau, Bull. 
Soc. Zool., France, il, pp. 377-399, also translation by 
Harting, ‘ Zoologist,’ 1878, p. 233). 
FEET. Orange-colour. 
IrnteEs. Greyish-white. 
AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 
TOTAL LENGTH ... a Peak vilsy a aver 
WING “a * Gad “ar 
BEAK we i 6: Bee cslevowe 
TARSO-METATARSUS ise il i 
Eaa ne we ae aoe 2:25 © 6s: 
Allied Species and Representative Forms.—F. glacialis, a 
large race from Spitzbergen, probably occurs sparingly in 
Novaya Zemlya and more plentifully on the coast of Green- 
land up to lat. 70° N. 
