528 PODICIPEDID Ai 
elongated thin plumes, golden-brown in colour, is spread 
over the ears covering the back of the cheeks ; base of fore- 
neck, chestnut-red; back, scapulars, and wing-coverts, dark 
brown ; secondaries, almost entirely white; four inner pri- 
maries also exhibiting much white, a mark that distinguishes 
this species from the Horned Grebe; rest of primaries, 
chiefly brownish ; breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts, 
pure white; flanks and sides, dull reddish-brown. 
Adult female nuptial.—Similar in plumage to the male. 
Adult winter, male and female—No ear tufts; chin, 
throat, and cheeks, white; ear-coverts, and front of neck, 
brownish-white ; sides and flanks, white edged with greyish- 
brown ; otherwise similar to the adult nuptial dress. 
Immature, male and female. — Resembles the adult 
winter-plumage. 
Beak. Blackish, reddish at the base; upcurved near 
the tip. 
Freer. Olive-green shading to blackish ; inner surface, 
leaden-blue. 
IrtpEs. Crimson, with a narrow white ring round the 
pupil. 
AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. 
TOTAL LENGTH... .. 12 im. Female smaller 
WING ... sh cepeeiow gay 
BRAK © ote om es 0°97, 
TARSO-METATARSUS ... 1S aes 
Kee 65.36 lori 
Allied Species and Representative Forms. — P. califor- 
nicus, which closely resembles our bird but has hardly 
any white on the wings, is found in North America, though 
neither species frequents Greenland. 
LITTLE GREBE. Podicipes fluviatilis (Tunstall). 
Coloured Figures.—Gould, ‘ Birds of Great Britain,’ vol. v, pl. 
42; Dresser, ‘ Birds of Europe,’ vol. viii, pl. 633; Lilford, 
‘Coloured Figures,’ vol. vi, pl. 62. 
The Little Grebe, though insignificant in size and but 
modestly attired even in the nuptial dress, is by far the 
