318 SCOLOPACID^. 



coast of the German Ocean, it is a rare and irregular visi- 

 tant, nor is it much more frequent on the coasts of France. 

 It probably wanders to the Iberian Peninsula, as it has been 

 obtained in North-Western Africa, but in Italy and other 

 countries bordering the Mediterranean, it is of very rare 

 occurrence. Stragglers to the inland waters of Austria and 

 Hungary are on record, and a few individuals find their way 

 to the Black Sea. It seems probable that an important line 

 of migration is by the valley of the Volga, for Henke says 

 (Ibis, 1882, p. 223) that it visits Astrachan, being espe- 

 cially numerous on the spring passage. Mr. Seebohm has 

 a specimen in winter plumage from Samarcand, and Prof. 

 Severtzoff obtained it on the autumn migration in the 

 Pamir range. Mr. Blanford found it plentiful in winter in 

 Persia, and examples have been obtained at Kurachee and at 

 Madras. In occurs in Japan ; is a regular double migrant 

 to the coast of China, and has been known to visit Celebes, 

 the Moluccas, the Aru Islands, and New Guinea. 



In Greenland it breeds abundantly, and ranges across 

 North America, going as far north as Prince Albert's Land 

 (Zool. 1879, p. 7), to Alaska, where it is very plentiful in 

 summer ; and it breeds in some of the mountain lakes, high 

 up in the coast range. Inland it has been obtained in 

 Kansas, at an elevation of 3,800 feet (Bull. Nuttall, 1883, 

 p. 187), and in winter it has been found as far south as 

 Chili on the Pacific, and the Bermudas in the Atlantic. 



In summer the beak is black, longer and more slender 

 than that of the Grey Phalarope ; irides dark brown ; around 

 the base of the beak and the eyes, on the top of the head, 

 back of the neck, all the back and the wing-coverts, nearly 

 uniform dark lead-colour ; the scapulars and tertials margined 

 with reddish-yellow ; primaries almost black ; secondaries 

 rather lighter in colour and tipped with white ; upper tail- 

 coverts dusky and white ; tail-feathers brownish -grey, the 

 middle pair the darkest in colour ; chin pure white ; sides 

 and front of the neck rich yellowish-red ; feathers of the 

 lower part of the neck in front dark grey, edged with white ; 

 breast, belly, vent, and under tail-coverts, pure white ; in 



