338 Mr. G. A. K. Marshall on 



the larvse are very free from parasites, which in my 

 opinion tells somewhat against that view. 



Salishury, March 6-10, 1898. — Of four larvge of L. 

 chri/sijypics I have taken this season two were killed by a 

 parasitic fly [probably a Tacliina] which attacks many 

 different butterfly larvae. 



In his " Rliopalocera Malayana" (p. 407) Mr. Distant 

 writes : " Mr. W. F. Kirby has kindly drawn my attention 

 to the fact that several species of Chahis have been reared 

 from East Indian Danaids." * 



[Colonel J. W. Yerbury at Aden " lost a great number 

 of ehysijijins larvse from the attacks of a large dipterous 

 parasite, one of the Tachininm " (Journ. Bomb. Nat. 

 Hist. Soc, 1892, p. 209). 



Professor Felix Plateau, in his interesting paper on 

 Abraxas grossulariata, L. (Mem. de la Soc. Zool.de France, 

 tome vii, 1894, p. 375), also referred to on pp. 325-7, states 

 that he found twenty-two caterpillars out of fifty-one, 43 per 

 cent., attacked by insect parasites, viz. of Hymenoptera, two 

 ?>^eQ\QS o{ Microgaster and owe, oi Iclinctimon; of Diptera,, 

 the Tachinid Exorista vulgaris (Fallen). The caterpillar, 

 2mce Professor Plateau, is most conspicuous, and, as the 

 Professor admits in the above-quoted paper, is refused 

 by Eiirojjean insect-eating vertebrates with wonderful 

 unanimity. 



In the autumn of 1888 I found the conspicuous gregar- 

 ious larva? of Ficris brassier suffered to an enormous extent 

 from the attacks oi Iclmcumonidfe. No less than 424 mature 

 larvae out of 631 died from this cause ('J^rans. Ent. Soc. 

 Lond., 1892, p. 439). I have also observed an excessively 

 high 'rate of mortality from the same cause among the 

 conspicuous specially-defended larva? of Porthcsia auriflua. 

 Dr. F. A. Dixey informs me that he has Ibund the larv<i3 

 of Euchclia jacoh.vm much infested by ichneumons. — 

 E. B. P.] 



8. Experiments on Lizards and Frogs. (G. A. K. M.) 



[Experiments with lizards and frogs were few and the 

 results negative. A large number of the S.African sjiecies 

 are no doubt specialized to eat only certain kinds of food, 

 and these would be useless for experiment if their natural 



* Tlie names of Ghalris cuplea, Hope, anil (J. alliimis, Klug, are 

 specially mentioned. 



