422 Mr. G. A. K. Marshall on 



is accounted for by its different habits, for instead of 

 frequentino- dead leaves in the busli it prefers the dark- 

 rocks on stony and wooded kopjes." Evidence is brout^lit 

 forward to show that F. artaxia only exists in the cryptic 

 dry phase in the warm timbered coa.st belt, althoui^h it 

 develops a much less well-concealed wet-season phase 

 {nachtigalii) in open country (pp. 561, 5G2). 



In his second paper on the subject (Ann. and Mag. Nat. 

 Hist., ser. 7, vol. ii, July 1808, p. 80) Mr. Marshall gives a 

 further account of these interesting differences in habits: 

 " Speaking broadly, the naUdnms form frequents the 

 highest points in any neighbourhood, especially if they be 

 more or less open (for it is anything but a sylvan insect) ; 

 whereas the scsamus form is more partial to shady spots, 

 and is to be found in ravines and spruits or rocky wooded 

 slopes, and shares with the lles])(;iid Scmnf/csa rliminala 

 a marked affection for disused mine-shafts and cuttings. 

 This distinction must not be taken too strictly, for true 

 sesamus is occasionally found in company with the summer 

 form on open hill-tops, but principally at the change of 

 seasons; but nataknsis, so far as my experience goes, is 

 never to be found in the more shady stations frequented 

 by sesamus. The latter, moreover, is distinctly warier and 

 more difficult of approach when not feeding, and if alarmed 

 flies off with a rapid, and often zigzag, flight, settling 

 abruptly among rocks or herbage, when its greenish-black 

 under-side colouring is equally protective. Sesamus is 

 more often observe<l in gardens, and not unfrequently 

 enter.", human liabitations in searcli of a shady resting- 

 place." Mr. Mar.shall also quotes Mr. J. M. Hutchinson's 

 experience on his farm in Natal, lying in an open plain 

 between two ranges of hills: "He has found sesamus 

 resident on the farm, occurring fairly cosnmonly along the 

 baid<s of the spruits during the winter, wdiereas nafa/ensis 

 is very much scarcer and non-resident, the examples seen 

 having always been travelling from one range of hills to 

 the other, on both of which it is common." 



Since Ins return to England, in the present summer, 

 Mr. Marshall has summarized his experience of the habits 

 and stations of the seasonal phases of the species under 

 discussion as follows: — 



" There are tin-ee typos of stations in South Africa which 

 may be occupied by butterflies of this genus. 



i. Forest country, with iieavy timber affording deep 



