4.SU Mr. G. A. K. Marshall on 



The points in which the mimics of A. ccheria converge 

 together and diverge from their primary model are as 

 follows : — 



(1) Size : They arc much larger than their primary 

 model. Brasldas is in this respect intermediate. 



(2) Scalloped outline of liind-wing; feebly marked 

 in hrasidas. Slight indications of scalloping are 

 intensified in ccheria by the fringe being marked 

 by two white spots in each of the shallow concavities. 

 This is only distinct in some individuals, appar- 

 ently chiefly frum the northern part of the range. 

 The marked concavities of the mimics are also 

 intensified by whiteness. 



(3) Elongated oval shape of largest spot in fore-wing, 

 viz, the spot below the cell, while that of the 

 model is nearly circidar. The long axis of the 

 oval spot furthermore assumes the same direction 

 in each of the three species, while that of ccheria 

 is entirely different. 



(4) The iiLiich greater prominence in all three mimics 

 of the sub-marginal row of white spots on the 

 upper-side of both wings. 



(5) Strongly-marked black internervular rays pass 

 inw^ards from the margin of the hind-wing of 

 Euralia and invade the periphery of the ochreous 

 patch, uniting with the black veins to make up 

 a pattern of radiating dark lines. The radiate 

 appearance of the under-side is even more promin- 

 ent than that of the upper-side. Pcqnlio ccnca $ 

 is very similar, except that the upper surface 

 exhibits only faint indications of the character 

 (which however is strongly marked in the hij_>po- 

 coon form resembling Amauris clomi7iicanus).* 



Some of these differences between mimics as a whole 



* In this respect, viz. (lie pruiniueiit develui)iiient of internervular 

 rays on liotli surfaces of the hind-wing, the hippucoon form of the 

 Western P. mccape presents a far closer resemblance to its co-mimic 

 Miudlin (oUltechiu than to the primary model Amauris niarius, and 

 similarly the hippi>roun form nf the Southern and Eastern c<'ne(i to 

 Enndia indilht'nii than to Am(t}tris d('ini)u<<t)ius. Not only is there 

 the conspicuous radiate appearance wanting in the Danaine model, 

 but the white centre of the upper surface of the wings deepens 

 gradually at its margin into black in both Papilio and Nymphalid, 

 while the margin of the corresponding white area in the I'auaine 

 exhibits an extremely sharp and abrupt transition into black. 



