The Males of Hcmarine and other Sphinges. 683 



imagine Africa, has the upper cusp with somewhat reduced 

 neck and rounded spinous head. 



To return to Hemaris, in Bomhyliformis (tifyus, scaUosa}) 

 the emargination of the valve requires careful comparison 

 with the opposite valve in order to feel sure of it, the baton 

 of the harpe is well developed on the right side, repre- 

 sented by the minute elevation on the other. Croatica, 

 which looks as if closely allied to Fuciformis, has the 

 appendages very nearly identical with those of Bomhyli- 

 formis. In Fuciformis, the baton of the left harpe is a 

 slight projection, the right one is very small, but apparently 

 of the same structure as in Bomhyliformis. 



In Thyshc, the form of the right baton differs a little 

 from that of Bomhyliformis but it is fully as large, whilst 

 the left one is represented by a very small thimble-shaped 

 process. The emargination of the left valve is marked. 

 H. diffinis again has a somewhat different form of baton, 

 but the left is of exceedingly reduced proportions, although 

 the valves seem to be symmetrical. There is some indica- 

 tion of the tegumen being twisted; this is very marked in 

 Ce2)honodcs, where even its base on one side differs from 

 the other. 



In Cephonodes hylas (India), the ledoiagus is very long 

 and very slender, the terminal spine has all the appear- 

 ance of being a continuation of the shaft gradually 

 diminishing to a point, with the opening a short way 

 from the extremity and on the right side. The right 

 clasp is large, salver-shaped, somewhat imperfectly articu- 

 lated at the base, so that its range of movement is very 

 restricted. The left clasp is much smaller, in form as if it 

 had had the same outline as the right, but had had a 

 large terminal disc excised, leaving an upper, narrower 

 longer, and lower shorter and broader cusp. It is shorter 

 than the right, as about 3 — 5, if its emarginate outline allows 

 a length to be given it. The arrangement of bristles, etc., 

 differs from that on the right side. It is much more 

 movable on its articulation than the right one. The 

 articulation seems incomplete in all these Hemarids, i. e. 

 the connecting, articulating membrane is not mere mem- 

 brane, but is fairly chitinized, and does not, for instance, 

 tear readily for disarticulation. The great gap in the left 

 clasp is clearly homologous to the emargination in that of 

 Hemaris. This is on the lower margin in Hemaris, but 

 the portion below it has hero become more extended, 



