692 Dr. T, A. Chapman on Asyriwictry in the Males, etc. 



male appendages, in his classical papers on the Morphology 

 of Lepidopterous pupse, in the Linnean Transactions for 

 1890 (Vol. v., Zool.), and especially those concerning 

 Hemaris fuciforniis on pp. 200, 206 and Plate XX, fig. 26. 

 I have examined male pupte of Hcinaris fttciformis, H. 

 tityiis and H. crontica as well as of Ccphonodes kingii, and 

 all the specimens agree very closely with Professor 

 Poulton's figure. All show the twisting of the two 

 tubercles, so that that on the left side is more to the 

 front and if anything larger and more prominent than 

 that on the rigiit, and have the furrow obliquely placed 

 so that its anterior end points to the right, instead of 

 directly forwards. Tliey also show, as in Professor 

 Poulton's figure, the posterior margin of the eighth 

 segment, sinuated, opposite the advanced tubercle on the 

 left side. He also figures less obvious asymmetry in Ce. 

 euphorhix and A. po-puli. 



In Arye, where he also detects pupal asymmetry, the 

 structures render it very difficult in the imago to say 

 whether there is any rotation of the yEdieagns or not. 



These pupal facts render it probable that the asymmetry 

 of the jEdceagus is at first (at least in some cases) really 

 a twisting or rotation, and not, as it obviously is later 

 in most cases, a difference in structure on the tw^o sides. 



Professor Puulton's caution, in noting the asymmetry 

 ia II. fuel far mis as that "of the individual represented," 

 and so avoiding a generalization for which he had not 

 apparently the materials, is scientifically perfect. His 

 surmise that the asymmetry may be an irregularity 

 following from the extremely ancestral character of the 

 organs does not seem to be borne out, the pupal asymmetry 

 being almost certainly secondary to comparatively recently 

 acquired imaginal asymmetry. 



