( iii ) 



which is so common between sets of species of a specially 

 defended group inhabiting the same district ; (8) A group 

 from North Kanara, obtained by Mr. Keatinge, showing 

 Papilioninae and Xymphcdinee, resembling the local Eu2)lceinse, 

 and also the close superficial resemblance between the different 

 genera of the latter, recalling the synaposematie Acreeinee of 

 slides (6) and (7) ; finally slides (9) to (12), illustrating 

 injuries to the wings of butterflies, probably caused by the 

 attack of enemies, especially birds. All the specimens had 

 been captured by Mr. Marshall at Salisbury. A large number 

 of the injuries were inflicted at the apex of the forewing, in 

 the very place where a bright mark or white band tends so 

 frequently to be developed ; in a far larger number the injury 

 had been inflicted at the anal angle of the hindwing, on one 

 or both sides, in the latter case the two notches or tears 

 fitting together w4ien the wings were closed in the attitude 

 of rest. This also is a spot at which special structures and 

 markings tend to develop — the prolonged angles of some 

 species, the numerous tails of Charaxes, the single tails of 

 Papilio, Frotogonius, Aneea, and especially the Lycamidee, in 

 which special eye-like marks and special movements tend 

 still further to direct attention to the spot, and divert attack 

 from the more vital parts. Comparatively few of Mr. Marshall's 

 specimens had been injured at any other point of the wing 

 contour. 



A discussion on the subject followed, in which Colonel 

 SwiNHOE, Mr. F. Merrifield, Dr. Chapmax, Mr. C. 0. Water- 

 house, the E-ev. F. D. Morice, and Colonel Yerbury took 

 part, Mr. Verrall observing that in the case of Diptera they 

 mimicked other groups rather than were mimicked by them, 

 while there were even cases in which flies fed on dragon-flies, 

 and not vice versa, as was usual. 



With regard to the protective value of the scent-glands 

 present in groups allied to the Chalcosiinx, and conspicuous 

 also in Anthrocera, Mr. J. W. TuTT said it was possible that 

 they might have something to do with edibility or otherwise 

 of the species. The glands, though better developed in the 

 male, existed also in the female. Professor Meldola, however, 

 supposed them to be characters of sexual attraction, as laid 



