( xi ) 



kestrels and baboons were also very numerous and important. 

 As regards the Lepidoptera the support afforded to the theories 

 of warning colours and mimicry was very striking. Another 

 feature was the great use made of Coleoptera and the strong 

 witness to the distastefulness of the conspicuous groups such 

 as the Lycidx, Mehjrida', Cantharidse, etc. As a result of 

 these experiments and the work of other naturalists, the 

 attempt is made to draw up a list of the Coleopterous groups 

 which correspond to the Rhopalocerous Ithxwiiiinx, Danaina:, 

 Heliconinci and Acrcehuv. The chief of these are the con- 

 spicuous, convergent, freqviently mimicked and presumably 

 distasteful Erotylidae, Endomychidse, llalacodermidee, Melyridce, 

 Coccinellidse, Cantharidx, and Chrysomelidse. 



The memoir also contains the evidence produced by Mr. 

 Marshall in refutation of Haase's conclusion that conspicuous 

 specially defended butterflies are not attacked by insect 

 parasites. The conclusion of Profs. Plateau and Wheeler 

 that human experience of the taste of insects affords trust- 

 worthy evidence of their effect upon the senses of insectivorous 

 animals is examined in the light of Mr. Marshall's experiments 

 and found to be unsound. 



The remarkable mimiciy of Curculios with a cryptic 

 colouring by Longicorns is discussed, and the conclusion reached 

 that the defence provided by such a quality as hai'dness does not 

 appeal like distastefulness to many classes of enemies irrespec- 

 tive of size, and that the concealment afforded by protective 

 resemblance is necessary against the considerable number of 

 foes which are strong enough or large enough to attack 

 successfully. 



The mimetic resemblance of Mantis^ndx to Hymenoptera, 

 already recognized in North America (Wheeler) and Borneo 

 (Shelford), is further illusti-ated by a fine example from South 

 Africa. The use of insect stridulation as a means of warning 

 or intimidation is discussed. The experimental evidence of the 

 value of the terrifying markings and attitudes of Chcerocampa 

 larvse is strengthened by the remarkable impi-ession produced 

 by an African species upon a pair of baboons. As bearing on 

 this section it is shown that Choerocampa elpenor is still an 

 object of superstitious dread in Ireland. The shorter notes 



