( xxxix ) 



which it had selected. Some of the species were shown upon their 

 normal background of the bark of various kinds of trees, others 

 upon lichen-covered stone walls. Mr. Robinson's photographs 

 similarly represented the larvfe of species of Britisli moths 

 in their natural attitudes upon tlie food-plants. 



Professor Poulton also showed a representation of the pupa 

 of Limenitis jwjmli prepared from Portschiuski's figure and 

 description, and explained the highly ingenious hypothesis by 

 Avhich the appearances are accounted for by the Russian natural- 

 ist. The dorsal hump so Avell known in pupre of this genus takes 

 in L. popiiU the form of a hemispherical translucent drop-like 

 convexity which was mistaken for a drop of honey by Port- 

 schiuski's friends. This he believes represents a di-op of 

 blood which has been forced out of the pupa as the result of an 

 injury caused by some enemy. The adjacent part of the pupa 

 is laterally compressed and marked with lines which suggest 

 that the chitinous cuticle is transversed by cracks, while the 

 contour of the segments in immediate proximity to the 

 convexity is such as to convey the impression that they have 

 yielded to the pressure which caused the blood to escape. 

 Below the point of apparent injury the pupa is covered with 

 a varnish-like coating which makes it appear wet,- while above 

 the coating is wanting and it appears to be dry. The pupa is 

 fixed to the upper surface of one of the outer leaves of the 

 poplar so as to be very conspicuous, while the leaf is attached 

 to the branch by silken threads, so that it could not fall 

 even if its stalk were to become detached. The liussian 

 naturalist found that the pupa was refused by turkeys, and 

 he believes that it is distasteful and that its warning (apose- 

 matic) characters take the remarkable form of an apparent 

 injury, which suggests that it has Ijeen attacked and abandoned 

 as unpalatable by some earlier enemy. 



Pa2)ers. 

 Mr. 0. 0. Waterhouse communicated a Paper by Mr. L. R. 

 Cbawshay entitled " On the Life History of Drilus Jlavescens, 

 Rossi." 



