( Ixv ) 



is cryptically protected by its coloration. This is, I think, 

 certainly the case with many Cicindeliche, whose apical 

 spots Professor Poulton regards as due to their mimicry of 

 Carabidse. 



With regard to warning sounds the whole question of the 

 stridulating organs of insects is a most interesting one, 

 whether we consider the physiological structure of these organs 

 (a study which appeals strongly to many entomologists), 

 or whether we consider their object and purpose : of course 

 the sounds are often sexual, but in certain cases they 

 appear to be true warning sounds. The evidence of Mr. 

 Marshall on this point is very valuable, for he was enabled 

 to prove that both a kestrel and a baboon showed evident 

 alarm at the stridulation of a Longicorn {Gerophsis fcdlax) : 

 in many instances the stridulation is backed up by an 

 unpleasant and probably noxious odour. 



4. The imitation of a distasteful insect by a tasteful one 

 whether belonging to the same or a different order : Bates, 

 in his original paper, says that " mimetic analogies are not 

 confined to the Lepidoptera : most orders of insects supply 

 them : but they are displayed only by certain families," and 

 he goes on to speak of Diptera and Ilymenoptera and certain 

 Clearwing moths {Trochilium) as mimicking bees, wasps, etc. ; 

 furthermore he uses the resemblance of a moth to a wasp as 

 the analogy by which to understand the resemblance of a 

 Leptalis to a Heliconine, and he even speaks of mimicry as 

 " the deceptive resemblance of species to some other definite 

 object, including ordinary cryptic resemblances." Batesian 

 mimicry, therefore, as Professor Poulton has pointed out to 

 me, has not been extended, but restricted for the sake of 

 convenience. 



5. In treating of the question of Synaposematic or Common 

 Warning Coloration in my last address I expressed a hope 

 that I might be able to deal with it at greater length on a 

 future occasion : but this is practically rendered unnecessary, 

 at any rate for the present, as the subject has been so fully dis- 

 cussed and so well illustrated in Mr. Marshall's paper. Nothing 

 that can be said in proof of the theory can be more convincing 

 than the plates (Trans. Ent. Soc, 1902, Part III, pi. xviii and xix) 



