196" MERULIDE. 



tlie winter, and come further south ;" and Mr. Selby remarks, 

 that, " like many of our autumnal visitants, they arrive with 

 a north or north-east wind, plainly indicating the countries 

 from which they hold their progress. After recruiting their 

 strength for a few days, they move onward in a southerly 

 direction." 



The Thrush is universally spread over England, Wales, 

 Ireland, Scotland, and its islands : it is also common during 

 summer in Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Russia. From 

 thence southwards it extends over Germany, France, Italy 

 and the Morea, and has been seen in winter as far as Smyrna 

 and Trebizond. 



The beak is umber brown, except the base of the under 

 mandible, which is a paler yellow brown ; the iridcs hazel 

 brown ; the upper part of the head, neck, the back, wings, 

 rump, and upper surface of the tail-feathers, dark hair-brown ; 

 the external edges of the primaries and wing-coverts wood- 

 brown ; from the beak to the eye a dark brown streak, with 

 a lighter brown streak over it ; the eyelids light brown ; the 

 feathers forming the ear-coverts mottled with two shades of 

 brown, with darker coloured tips forming part of a circle ; 

 the chin white ; the throat, sides of the neck, breast, and 

 flanks, ochraceous yellow, spotted with dark brown ; belly, 

 vent, and tail-coverts, nearly white, the former with a few 

 well-defined spots of dark brown ; under surface of tail- 

 feathers reddish brown ; legs and toes pale brown, claws 

 darker brown. 



The whole length rather less than nine inches. The wings 

 from the carpal joint to the end of the longest primary, four 

 inches and five-eighths : the first feather very short ; the 

 second rather longer than the fifth ; the third and fourth 

 nearly equal in length, longer than the second ; the third the 

 longest in the wino-. 



The female is smaller than the male ; the head and upper 



