VOL. XVII. (3) MAP OF CHELTENHAM 297 



MEMOIR EXPLANATORY OF A MAP OF A 



PART OF CHELTENHAM AND NEIGHBOURHOOD, 



SHOWING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 



SAND. GRAVEL AND CLAY 



BY 



L. RICHARDSON, F.R.S.E., F.L.S., F.G.S. 



[Plates XXXIII.-XXXVI.] 



This Memoir is in explanation of the geology of that 

 portion of Cheltenham and neighbourhood which is represen- 

 ted on Sheet xxvi. N.E. of the 6-inch series. 



This map shows the geographical distribution of the clay, 

 gravel, sand, alluvium and peaty tracts in the district men- 

 tioned and is the first — giving this information — to be pub- 

 lished.^ 



The details have been acquired little by little over a period 

 of at least ten years. Their acquisition has been gradual be- 

 cause much of the ground is built over and temporary excava- 

 tions in the roads had to be awaited in order to see what was 

 the nature of the underlying deposit — whether it was sand, 

 gravel, clay, etc. 



I It should be stated that there are two MS.-maps in existence which show, in a general way, 

 the distribution of the clay and Superficial Deposits (that is, sand, etc.) in the neighbourhood of 

 Cheltenham. Both maps are now in the Cheltenham Public Library. 



One of these maps was formerly in the possession of Dr J. H. Garrett, Medical Officer of 

 Health for Cheltenham. It has written upon it in ink the date 1864. It is thought to have been pre- 

 pared by Dr Thomas Wright, the well-known geologist (who was also at one time Medical Officer of 

 Health for the town), on information supplied by a Mr Knight of the then firm of Messrs Knight 

 and Chatters. The other map was in Dr E. T. Wilson's possession and was made by him from one 

 lent to him by Wright about the year 1864. Dr Wilson's map is on tracing-paper and is much larger 

 than that formerly in the possession of Dr Garrett, so that at first sight it would seem doubtful if the 

 latter was the map lent Dr Wilson by Wright. Nevertheless, I think it probable ; but there are 

 differences between these two maps — the one of which was formerly in Dr Wilson's possession and 

 the other in Dr Garrett's. 



On the map formerly in Dr Garrett's possession a tract in the neighbourhood of the Chelt is 

 coloured, presumably to represent alluvium and so is that, represented as sand on my map (Plate 

 xxxiii.), which lies to the south of the Electricity Works. On the map made by Dr Wilson, however, 

 the tracts mentioned above are similarly coloured to those where the sand occurs. 



Again, on the former (o!im Dr Garrett's) map the southern boundary of the sand is drawn from 

 near the house now called " Ravensworth " in a westerly direction so as to pass along the north side 

 of the lake in Lake-House grounds, along Union Street, through Tivoli and to the south of Hatherley 

 Court. The presence of the outlier of sand, whose north-western portion termmates in The Park, is 

 also noted. 



On the latter {olim Dr Wilson's) map, however, the boundary-line of the sand is drawn along 

 Naunton Crescent, Norwood Street, Painswick Lawn, Suffolk Road and Suffolk Lawn, while a west- 

 erly-directed tongue of Superficial Deposit from the Tivoli district is not shown. 



