VOL. XVIII. (2) MEMOIR, MAP OF CHELTENHAM 127 



4-8. Formerly there were clay-pits on the site of the present Leck- 

 hampton Branch of the Public Library {4) ; near " Laracor " (5) ; 

 Bafford Farm (6) ; near Sefton Cottage (7) ; and near South- 

 field Farm (8). This last, which was called " Dil Dowel," was 

 closed between 60 and 70 years ago. 



7a. Clay and limestone-nodules, precisely similar to those that 

 occur in the " Yellow Lias " (a portion of the Styidtus-'Beds) at 

 the Battledown Brickworks, were. thrown out when the well at 

 this locality^ was deepened. The nodules were full of fossils, 

 which included, Monodonta modesta Tate (common), Chemnitzia 

 liassica (Quenstedt), Turbo admirandus Tate, Area stricklandi 

 Tate, Cardinia atteniiata (Stutch.), Cardita muUicostata (Phillips), 

 Gervillia IcBvis J. Buckman, Grammatodon buckmani (G. F. 

 Richardson), Gryphcea concava J. Buckman,'' Nuculana gal- 

 atea (auctt.), Limea acuticosta Munster, Plicatula spinosa Sow., 

 Rhynchonella fimbria L. Richardson," Acrosalenia (radiole), 

 and I socrinus-cohiramXs. 



g. Here, at about five feet above the 400-foot contour-line, some 

 very tough blue clay* was exposed in some temporary excava- 

 tions, and above it, at 9a, a brown sandy limestone full of 

 specimens of Pteria (Oxytoma) incequivalis (J. Sow.). 



10. This is the site of the Pilford or Pilley clay-pit, whence so many 



magnificently-preserved fossils have been obtained from the 

 impure limestones of the Capricornus-'BeAs.^ It is now fast 

 becoming built over. 



11. Formerly a clay-pit (locally called " Oulans ") was situated here, 



probably in the Capricornus-'QedLS. 



12. This small pit is in sandy beds, probably of Capricornus date.* 



It was opened some thirty years ago for the purpose of supply- 

 ing clay to the Potteries near Leckhampton Station ; but the 

 clay was found to be unsuitable. 



The tracts where the Lower Lias clay occurs, which are 

 riot covered with houses or their gardens, are — for the most 

 part — laid down to pasture, although orchards are not in- 

 frequent.'' 



Water. — Water obtained from wells sunk in the Lower 

 Lias is not generally suitable for immediate use, being usually 

 minerahzed and hard. It is unhkely that any attempt at 

 boring for it would be attended with satisfactory results. 



1 Locally known as " Ledmores." 



2 Murchison's " Outline of the Geology of Cheltenham, etc.," 2nd ed., by H. E. Strickland 

 and James Buckman {1844), p. 98. 



3 " Handbook to the Geology of Cheltenham " (1904), pi. xv., figs. 5a, b, c, d. 



4 Cf. clay exposed at 9 on Battledown Hill, sheet xxvi., N.E., Proc. Cotteswold Nat. F.C, vol. 

 xvii., p. 300 (item 9). 



■i L. Richardson, " Hand. Gaol. Cheltenham,' pp. 45-47. 6 ^"l', '<!•. P- 47- 



7 The remarks made in connection with soils derived from the Lower-Lias clays, their improve- 

 ment, etc., on page 301 of the previous memoir (Proc. Cotteswold Nat. F.C, vol. xvii., pp. 297-319), 

 apply to this district also. 



