VOL. XVIII. (2) MEMOIR, MAP OF CHELTENHAM 129 



The ornamental lake at Leckhampton Court is situated 

 on the Lower Lias, immediately below the lower limit of the 

 Middle Lias. 



Water derived from the neighbourhood of the Marlstone 

 is frequently ferruginous — red, because the Marlstong contains 

 a moderate amount of iron, although not in sufficient quantity 

 in this neighbourhood to make it worth while working for iron. 



At Leckhampton Court is a weak chalybeate spring. Accord- 

 ing to an analysis made of it by Dr J. H. Garrett in 1902, it contained 

 only three-eighths of a grain of iron per gallon. Dr Garrett informs 

 me that there was evidence of a good deal of iron having been deposited 

 before the water came out, but that he doubted if a very considerable 

 quantity has ever been in solution. 



A well sunk at (18) is 31 feet deep. The late Mr G. B. 

 Witts told me that water was not obtained until a hard bed 

 was penetrated at 30 feet down, after which it rose and had 

 a rest-level 12 feet 9 inches from the surface. 



At (19) water derived from the neighbourhood of the 

 Marlstone (for there is a slight deposit of iron) and the gravel- 

 tract is collected and led by a pipe into the Leckhampton 

 reservoir.' The average daily yield of these springs (three 

 years' average) is 77,000 gallons. 



There is very damp ground in the neighbourhood of the 

 junction of the Middle and Lower Lias a quarter of a mile to 

 the west of Vineyard Farm, and water comes out in Timber- 

 combe about the same horizon. 



Upper Lias. — The Upper Lias is about 230 feet thick 

 at Leckhampton Hill, and only the topmost 10 to 20 feet is 

 sandy and of a Cotteswold-Sand facies. It is of interest to 

 note that a deep well on Leckhampton Hill proved that the 

 Inferior Oolite rests upon this sand without the intervention 

 of any Cephalopod-Bed, and that this immediate subjacent 

 sandy deposit is of variabilis hemera.'^ 



Similar sandy beds, which have shpped forward, are ex- 

 posed in a small pit near " Daisy Bank " (24) and are in 

 evidence at and around the places indicated by the figures 



1 This reservoir was opened in 1824 and holds 1,756,000 gallons of water. 



2 See Geol. Mag., dec. 5, vol. vii. (1910), pp. 101-104. 



