VOL. XVIII. (2) MEMOIR, MAP OF CHELTENHAM 135 



51. At Christowe, 42 feet of pure yellow sand was proved in a well, 



and then sand and gravel. 



The Cheltenham College Baths derive their water-supply from 

 five wells sunk in the sand-bed on the playground between Sand- 

 ford Road and the Chelt. " On an average they are 25 feet 

 deep, six feet in diameter, and yield on an average 150,000 

 gallons per week. The water is said to be quite satisfactory 

 and sufficient in quality."^ The soil in the gardeiw at South- 

 wood House, Christowe and Boyne House, however, is said to 

 be clayey, and at Christowe "brown clay, at least 4 feet thick, 

 [was] seen." [C.I.G.] Below, of course, must be sand (vide 

 item 51). 



52. At (52) 12 feet of sand was seen, without the base, and at (52a) 



there is a sand-pit. 



53. The sand is at least 30 feet thick here. 



54. The sand, with which a considerable amount of gravel is asso- 



ciated, is admirably exposed in the railway-cutting to the west 

 of Sandy Lane Bridge. Further west the clay-top rises and 

 it is interesting to note the rich growth of grass in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the junction of the sand with the clay. The sand 

 is constantly slipping in this cutting and occasioning trouble. 



55. At (55) gravel is to be observed below the sand. 



56. Sand and gravel is seen here in a small, but now mostly over- 



grown pit. 



57. Near Charlton Kings Station is a gravel-pit. The soil and sub- 



soil does not contain any gravel, only sand ; while pure sand 

 has been dug at Glenure House (58). 



59. The large sand-pit near the Diamond Laundry, Charlton Kings, 



has already been pictured and referred to.^ 



60. Formerly there was a deep sand-pit here. 



61-63. In Ryeworth there were formerly sand-pits at (61)" and (62), 

 and there is one still open at (63). 



Water. — There is plenty of water in the main sand-bed, 

 and to this circumstance, together with the fact that the 

 surface of the deposit affords a dry site, must be attributed 

 the primary reason for the selection of the site of Charlton 

 Kings. 



The well at " The Pump House " to the north-west by 

 north of Leckhampton Church is from 20 to 25 feet deep, and 

 has never been known to run dry. It supplies the cottages 

 (Restall's) on the west side of the road. 



Alluvium. — As will be seen on reference to the map, a 

 tract in the neighbourhood of the Chelt is represented by a 



1 Trans. Inst. Water Engineers, vol. xvii. (1912), p. 191. 



2 Proc. Cotteswold Nat. F.C., vol. xvii., pt. 3, (1912) pis. xxxvi., xxxv., fig. 2, and p. 299. 



3 " Handbook Geol. Cheltenham " (1904), pi. xii. [" Cooper's Sand-hole " ], p. 193. 



