36 ATHERINID^ I SILVERSIDES 



of the premaxillary processes, etc. Several of the species have been 

 described as lacking- vomerine teeth, a character in need of confirmation. 



c- 41. Atherina hepsetus Linnaeus, 175S.^*- 



Atherina hepsetus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 315, 1758; Cuvier and Valenciennes, 

 Hist. Nat. Poiss., 10, 423, pi. 302, 1835; Giinther, Catalogue Fishes Brit. Mus.. 

 3, 393, 1861; Borsieri, Ann. Agricolt.. 24, pi. 7, 1902 (1904). 

 Type-locality. — M editerranean Sea. 

 ? Atherina presbyter Guichenot, Exp. Sci. Algerie, 3, 66, 1850 ( ? not of Cuvier). 

 ? Atherina lacustris Martens, Arch. Naturg., 23, 167, pi. 9, figs. 1, 2, 1857 (Pin 



part) ; Giinther, Catalogue Fishes Brit. Mus., 3, 394, 1861. 

 ? Atherina boyeri Giinther, Catalogue Fishes Brit. Mus., 3, 394, 1861 (in part). 

 Atherina boyeri Jordan and Gunn, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 340, 1898 

 (not of Risso). 

 Range. — Mediterranean Sea ; ? lakes of Italy ; Black Sea ; Canary Islands. 



The specimens of Atherina from the Canaries, recorded by Jordan 

 and Gunn as A. boyeri, are apparently referable to A. hepsetus, as they 

 have 13 soft anal rays and almost 55 rows of scales. The island form, 

 however, requires further study, for it may prove to be a distinct species. 

 Lowe's record of A. presbyter from Madeira may be based on the same 

 island species. , 



lifi^'i^^ 42. Atherina presbyter Cuvier, 1829. 



Atherina presbyter Cuvier, Rcgne Anim., 2, 235, ed. 2, 1829; Regne Anim., III. 

 Poiss., pi. 76, fig. 3 ; Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 10, 439, 

 pi. 305, 1835; Giinther, Catalogue Fishes Brit. Mus., 3, 392, 1861; Borsieri, 

 Ann. Agricolt., 18, pi. 6, 1902 (1904). 

 Type-locality. — Ocean shore of Europe. 



Range. — Atlantic coast of Europe, north to England and the Scandinavian Peninsula. 



(X<^ (^^ti\V\^3: ^Atherina caspia Eichwald, 1831.-^*- 



]{^ 



Atherina hepsetus, var. 2 Delaroche, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 13, 358, 1809. 

 Atherina presbyter, var. caspia Eichwald, Zoologia Specialis, 72, 1831. 



Atherina caspia Eichwald, Bull. Sac. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 3, 136, 1838; Nouv. 



Mem. Sac. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 7, 205, pi. 33, figs. 1, 2, 1841. 

 Type-locality. — Caspian Sea. ("e sinu balchanensis"). 

 Atherina presbyter, var. pontica Eichwald, Zoologia Specialis, 72, 1831. 



Atherina pontica Eichwald, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 3, 137, 1838; Nouv. 

 Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 7, 206, pi. 33, figs. 3, 4, 1841 ; Giinther, Catalogue 

 Fishes Brit. Mus., 3, 393, 1861. 

 Type-locality. — Near Odessa, on the Black Sea. 

 Atherina mochon Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 10, 434, pi. 304, 

 1835; Steindachner, Sitsb. Akad. Wiss. IVien, 57, 678, 1868; Lonnberg, Bih. 

 Svenska Vet.-Akad., Handl, 26, pt. 4, No. 8, p. 8, 1900; Boulenger, Zool. 

 Egypt, 3 (Fishes Nile), 423, 1907; Catalogue Fresh-zvater Fishes Africa, 

 4, 74, 1916. 

 Atherina mocho Gunther, Catalogue Fishes Brit. Mus., 3, 399, 1861 (altered 

 spelling). 

 Type-locality. — Iviza, Mediterranean Sea. 



