XX. MENIDIA 49 



Jordan and Evermann.^^ This disposition of the species, however, is 

 excluded by Poey's statement that the anus is quite close to the anal fin. 

 This character, as well as the small size of the mouth and the fin- 

 formula, indicates that the species should be placed in the Atherinop- 

 siN^, but in what particular genus, the description does not indicate. 

 The other species we fail to locate generically is Atherina incisa 

 Jenyns,^^ from the east coast of South America (39° S., 61° W.). 



XX. MENIDIA Bonaparte, 1837. 



Menidia Bonaparte, Fauna Italica, 1837, i^ fasc. 91 ; no pagination ; Jordan and 

 Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, 406, 1883; Jordan and Evermann, ibid., 47, 

 pt. 1, 796, 1896; Kendall, Kept. U. S. Fish Comm.. 241, 1901 (1902) ; Jordan, 

 Copeia, No. 32, 47, 1916. 

 Logotype. — A.iiERiNA menidia Linnaeus (by tautonomy). 

 Argyrea DeKay, Neiv York Fauna, 4, 141, 1842 (preoccupied). 



Logotype. — Atherina notata Mitchill. 

 IscHNOMEMBRAS Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 40, 730, 1904; Fowler, ibid., 

 56, 256, 1919. 

 Orthotype. — Ischnomembras gabunensis Fowler (= Menidia beryllina 

 (Cope)). 

 Phoxargyrea Fowler, /. c, 732. 



Orthotype. — Pho.xargyrea dayi Fowler (=" Menidia menidia notata Mitchill). 

 Range. — Atlantic coast and coastwise streams from southern Canada to Florida and 

 Louisiana; Gulf of California. 



In restricted sense, Menidia may be defined as follows. Premaxil- 

 laries widely dilated posteriorly, not bound to snout by frenum; gape 

 arched, restricted by fold of membrane between jaws; mouth not low, 

 its front on a level with middle of eye; mouth moderate in size, the 

 maxillary reaching nearly to front of eye; jaws equal, not produced into 

 a beak; lower jaw only moderately oblique, its posterior end not strongly 

 entering profile of head ; teeth in two irregular series or a narrow band 

 on the jaws, those of the inner premaxillary series and the outer mandib- 

 ular series moderately enlarged. Body cavity rounded posteriorly, the 

 air bladder not extended backward beyond vertical from origin of anal 

 fin ; anus normally located immediately before anal fin. Body slender, 

 with both dorsal and ventral contours rather evenly curved ; trunk in 

 cross-section not cuneate, the belly being broadly rounded ; head more 

 or less compressed. Scales large, in 36 to 56 series ; scale margins strictly 

 entire ; apical radii numerous and very fine, or obsolete, circuli developed 

 on exposed field of scales. Dorsal and anal fins wholly scaleless. First 



16 Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 47, pt. 1, 791, 1896. 



i^Atherina incisa Jenyns, Zool. Beagle, 4 (Fish), 77, pi. 16, fig. 2, 1842 

 (not of Kner). Atherinichthys incisa Gunther, Catalogue Fishes Brit. Mus., 

 3, 405, 1861. 



i^Troschel (Archiv Natiirgeschichte, 1838) 'gives 1837 as the date of Bona- 

 parte's account of Atherine fishes. 



