vi SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA OF BIRDS 
§ Erfruacus (Redbreast). Bill rather strong, as broad as it is high 
at the base, where it is depressed, slightly compressed towards 
the tip; upper mandible bending over the lower and notched, 
nostrils basal, oval, pierced in a membrane, partly hid by bristles 
diverging from the gape; first primary half as long as the second, 
fifth the longest ; tail slightly forked. Page 16 
6. Davutias (Nightingale). Bill rather stout, straight, as broad as 
high at the base; upper mandible slightly bent over at the tip}; 
gape with a few short bristles; nostrils basal, round, pierced in a 
membrane; first primary very short, second and fifth equal in 
length, third and fourth longest; tail somewhat rounded; tarsus 
elongated. Page 17 
SUB-FAMILY ACCENTORINZ 
Bill strong and broad at base; upper mandible overlapping lower and 
slightly notched at tip. 
gj. ACCENTOR (Hedge-sparrow). Bill of moderate length, strong, 
straight, tapering to a fine point; edges of both mandibles com- 
pressed and bent inwards, the upper notched near the tip; nostrils 
naked, basal, pierced ‘in a large membrane; feet strong; claw 
of the hinder toe longest, and most curved; first primary almost 
obsolete, the second nearly equal to the third, which is the longest. 
Page 20 
SUBFAMILY SYLVIINZ 
Young on leaving nest differ slightly in colour from adults. 
8. Sytvia (Whitethroats, Blackcap, Warblers). Bill rather stout, 
short, not very broad at base; upper mandible decurved towards 
point, which is slightly emarginate; nostrils basal, lateral, oval, 
and exposed ; gape with bristles. Wings moderate, first quill very 
short. Tail with twelve feathers, generally rounded. Tarsus 
scutellate in front and longer than middle toe; toes and claws short. 
Page 21 
g AcROCEPHALUS (Reed, Marsh, Sedge, and Aquatic Warblers). Bill 
nearly .straight, with culmen elevated, wide at base, compressed 
towards tip, and slightly emarginate; edges of lower mandible 
inflected ; nostrils basal, oblique, oval, and exposed; moderately 
developed bristles at gape. Forehead narrow, depressed. Wings 
rather short, first quill minute, third usually longest. Tail rounded, 
rather long. Legs long; feet large and stout, hind toe strong}; 
claws long and moderately curved. Page 25 
10. LocustELLA (Grasshopper Warbler). Differs from other Sylviine 
chiefly in its more rounded tail and longer under tail-coverts. The 
late Professor Newton found the tendons of the tibial muscles 
strongly ossified in this genus. Page 28 
11, PHyLiéscopus (Chiffchaff, Willow and Wood-warblers). Bill slender, 
rather short; upper mandible decurved from middle and compressed 
towards tip, which is very slightly notched ; nostrils basal, lateral, 
oblong, partly operculate, membrane clothed with small bristle- 
tipped feathers, internasal ridge very thin; gape beset with hairs, 
Wings rather long, first quill comparatively large, third or fourth 
longest. Tail slightly forked, twelve feathers. Tarsus scaled in 
front, rather long. Toes long, claws curved. Page 30 
SUB-FAMILY REGULIN# 
Arboreal. Each nostril covered by a single stiff feather. 
12. Rfcutus (Gold and Fire-crested Wrens). Bill very slender, awl- 
shaped, straight, compressed; cutting edges bent inwards about 
