xxii SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF THE GENERA OF BIRDS 
slightly compressed towards the end; nostrils in the middle of the 
bill, narrow, with the aperture in front, pervious ; toes three, united 
by a membrane as far as the first joint ; wings asin the last. Page 239 
110. CurRsorius (Courser). Bill shorter than the head, depressed at the 
base, slightly curved, pointed; nostrils basal, oval, covered by 
a little protuberance. Legs long, slender; toes three, very short, 
divided nearly to the base, inner toe half the length of the middle 
one; its claw serrated; claws very short; wings moderate; first 
primary nearly as long as the second, which is the longest in the 
wing. Page 240 
111. CHARADRIUS (Plover). Bill shorter than the head, slender, straight, 
compressed, semewhat swollen towards the tip; nasal channel 
reaching from the base through two-thirds of the bill, covered by a 
membrane; nostrils basal, very narrow; tarsi moderate, slender ; 
toes three, the outer and middle connected by a short membrane ; 
wings moderate; first primary longest. Page 240 
112 SguaATAROLA (Grey Plover). Bill shorter than the head, straight, 
swollen and hard towards the tip; nostrils basal, narrow, pierced 
in the membrane of a long groove; legs slender ; outer and middle 
toe connected by a short membrane, hind toe rudimentary, jointed 
on the tarsus, not touching the ground; wings long, pointed; first 
primary longest. Page 242 
113. Eupromrtas (Dotterel). Bill shorter than head, slender, compressed ; 
nasal channel reaching about half length of bill. Wings mode- 
rate ; inner secondaries much longer than in Charadrius. 
Page 244 
114. AZGIALITIS (Ringed and Kentish Plovers). Bill much shorter than 
head, slender, straight to end of nasal channel, which extends be- 
yond middle of bill, then slightly raised, but decurved at tip; wings 
long, pointed. Page 245 
I1§. WANELLUS (Lapwing). Wings large, quills broad and rounded, the 
fourth and fifth primaries longest. In other respects resembling 
Squatarola. Page 247 
116. H#mMArTopus (OysterCatcher). Bill longer than the head, stout, straight, 
forming a wedge; legs moderate, stout; toes three, bordered by a 
narrow membrane; wings long; first primary longest. Page 248 
117. STREPSILAS (Turnstone). Bill short, thickest at the base and taper- 
ing; nostrils basal, narrow, pervious; legs moderate; three front 
toes connected at the base by a membrane, fourth rudimentary, 
jointed on the tarsus, touching the ground with its tip. Page 250 
FAMILY SCOLOPACID 
(SNIPES, ETC.) 
Bill long and slender; toes four, the hind one weak and elevated, very 
rarely wanting. 
118. REcURVIROSTRA (Avocet). Bill very long, slender, weak, muchcurved 
upwards, pointed ; legs long, slender; front toes connected as far 
as the second joint; hind toe very small. Page 252 
119. PHALAROPUS (Phalarope). Bill as long as the head, slender, weak, 
depressed and blunt ; front toes connected as far as the first joint, 
and bordered by a lobed and slightly serrated membrane ; hind toe 
not bordered. Page 253 
190, ScoLopax (Woodcock). Billlong, compressed, superior ridge elevated 
