178 AMERICAN HONEY PLANTS 



Stickweed (Bidens). 

 Fruit trees, all kinds, all sections. 

 Peas (cow peas), Piedmont and east. 

 Sumac. 



Nut trees (including oak), all sections. 

 Goldenrod, all sections. 

 Rattan, east. 

 Blackberry, all sections. 

 Maple ,all varieties), all sections. 

 Alfalfa, locally grown. 



— Franklin Sherman, Jr., Bui. North Carolina Department of Agricul- 

 ture, Vol. 29, No. 1. 



NORTH DAKOTA— Honey Sources of. 



Beekeeping is, as yet, but little developed in North Dakota. Willows 

 and cottonwoods furnish early pollen, dandelion and fruit bloom assist 

 the bees with both nectar and pollen for early brood rearing. The clovers 

 are the principal sources of surplus honey. 



NOVA SCOTIA Honey Sources of. 



Willows and maples are important for spring brood rearing. The 

 sources of surplus are alsike and white clover, goldenrod, aster, apple, 

 fall dandelion (T. autumnale), wild radish (R. Raphanistrum), blueberry 

 and Kalmia angustifolia. — V. W. L. Sladen. 



OAK (Quercus). 



The oaks are frequently reported as sources of nectar. The fact is 

 that it is usually honeydew, rather than nectar, which the bees gather 

 from oaks. Pollen is produced in abundance by these trees and all species 

 may be regarded as valuable for pollen. (Fig. 100.) There are many spe- 

 cies of oaks, some of which are common to any part of America where 

 trees grow naturally. There are 24 species recorded from Alabama, 24 

 from New Mexico and 12 from Connecticut. 



Richter gives 4 species — field oak (Quercus agrifolia), tan bark (Q. 

 densiflora), mountain white oak (Q. douglassii) and weeping oak (Q. lo- 

 bata), as sources of honey in California. Scholl gives 6 species as sources 

 of honey in Texas, as follows: Post oak (Q. minor), live oak (Q. virgin- 

 iana), red oak (Q. rubra), Spanish oak (Q. palustris), water oak (Q. aqua- 

 tica), and jack or barren oak (Q. nigra). 



H. B. Parks, of the Texas Agricultural College, has found that post 

 cak yields some nectar from extra floral nectaries. This may be true of 

 some other species. 



The live oak yields honeydew in large quantity in west Texas, from 



