30 PHILIPPINE RESINS, GUMS, AND OILS 



Genus P!NUS 



PIN US INSULARIS Endl. (Figs. 5-7). Saleng * or Benguet pine. 



Local names: Aldl (Zambales) ; balibo, booboo, bulbi'd, ol-ol, sduncj 

 (Benguet) ; par-ua (Iloko) ; saleng (Bontoc, Lepanto, Abra, Nueva Ecija. 

 Ilocos Norte and Sur). 



TURPENTINE 



Two species of pines are natives of the Philippines, one of 

 which, Pinus msidaris, was used in Spanish times as a commer- 

 cial source of turpentine. Richmond f says that turpentine 

 collected from this tree has an appearance and consistency- 

 somewhat like that of crystallized honey and possesses a pleasant 

 odor; while Brooks?, after an investigation, states that it is 

 practically identical with that produced in America. 



Brooks measured the flow from a number of trees. Concern- 

 ing the results he writes § : 



On March 13, foui'teen trees situated in the forest adjoining the claim 

 of the Headwaters Mining Company were boxed. The trees were selected 

 at random and included several trees of the variety known to lumbermen 

 and turpentine collectors as "scrub pine." Six hours later thirteen of tht; 

 trees showed an abundant flow of resin, while one was hard and did not 

 flow. The collected resin weighed 1,761.5 grams. 



On March 14, thirty trees were boxed in another locality about 2 miles 

 distant from Baguio. They were selected with the idea of including both 

 healthy and unhealthy looking trees and some which had been damaged 

 by ground fires. On the following day these trees were again visited and 

 all but three, which were hard and did not flow, were still running slowly. 

 The collected resin weighed 4,400 grams. 



Method of boxing. — The boxes were cut about 30 to 40 centimeters wide, 

 12 to 18 centimeters deep, and 6 to 8 centimeters from front to back, 

 varying with the size of the trees. They were made by inexperienced 

 laborers and were so badly split and bruised that much of the fresh resin 

 was lost, hence the yields obtained do not accurately represent the total 

 flow of resin. 



One of the best flowing trees had a diameter of about 85 centimeters 

 and produced 857 grams of resin in thirty-two hours, although a portion 

 was lost by overflowing the box. 



* The words sdlong, saleng, sailing and sding, sdong or sdung, which 

 occur so constantly as local names of trees of the Pine, Pili, and Lauan 

 families (Pinaceae, Burseraceae, and Dipterocarpaceae) , are all various 

 dialectic forms of one word having the general meaning of "resin." 



t Richmond, G. F., Philippine turpentine. Philippine Journal of Science, 

 Section A, Volume 4 (1909), pages 231 to 232. 



J Brooks, B. T., The oleoresin of Pinus insularis Endl. Philippine 

 Journal of Science, Section A, Volume 5 (1910), pages 229 to 231. 



§ Richmond, G. F., Philippine turpentine. Philippine Journal of Science, 

 Section A, Volume 4 (1909), page 231. 



