46 PHILIPPINE RESINS, GUMS, AND OILS 



Table 5. — Terpenes from Manila elemi from Gmnaca, Tayabas. 



Bacon also investigated the residue left after the distillation 

 of elemi. By the distillation of elemi in vacuo, he obtained from 

 12 to 18 per cent of terpenes and from 12 to 15 per cent of a 

 higher-boiling oil. The distillation residue, usually amounting 

 to about 70 per cent of the elemi, is a light-brown, transparent, 

 solid resin, with a brilliant fracture. The elemi residue is com- 

 pletely and easily soluble in the cold in the following solvents: 

 Alcohol, ether, benzol, petroleum ether, ligroin, xylol, chloro- 

 form, amyl acetate, acetone, methyl alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, 

 ethyl acetate, turpentine, amyl alcohol, and glacial acetic acid. 

 As previously stated. Bacon considered the residue obtained from 

 the distillation of elemi to have important commercial possibil- 

 ities as a varnish gum. 



Clover * investigated the chemical properties of Manila elemi 

 and found that : 



As ordinarily gathered for commerce, the resin is soft, sticky, and 

 opaque, has a slightly yellow color, and a very agreeable odor. It has 

 a spicy, somewhat bitter taste. If left exposed to the air for some time, 

 it gradually hardens throughout and finally becomes brittle. The resin 

 dissolves readily and completely in ether, chloroform, and benzene, except 

 for the separation of a small amount of water which it contains and also 

 a very small amount of a white, granular substance. In acetic ester, 

 acetone, ligroin, methyl and ethyl alcohol it does not dissolve completely 

 unless sufficient solvent is used. With these solvents a white, crystalline 

 residue remains which, with the use of alcohol in limited quantity, amounts 

 to about 25 per cent of the total * * * _ Very soft Manila elemi 

 contains a considerable amount of water, less than 5 per cent however, 

 while that which has collected on the tree for a length of time contains 

 very little. 



* Clover, A. M., The terpene oils of Manila elemi. Philippine Journal 

 of Science, Section A, Volume 2 (1907), pages 1 to 40. 



