52 PHILIPPINE RESINS, GUMS, AND OILS 



The Bureau of Forestry has authentic specimens of resin 

 from Hopea acuminata, Parashorea malaanonan, Pentacme con- 

 to7'ta, Shorea balangeran, Shorea eximia, Shorea ncgr^osensis, 

 Shorea palosapis, Shorea polysperma and Vatica mangachapoi, 

 while Heyne reports that Isoptera borneensis yields resin in 

 small quantities. 



Balau hardens only after long exposure, but most of the dip- 

 terocarp resins harden rapidly to a dry, brittle consistency. 

 They vary from a light yellow or grayish tinge to almost black. 

 Very little is known of the chemical composition or possible 

 industrial uses of the various quick-drying dipterocarp resins. 



Genus ANISOPTERA 

 AN ISOPTERA THURIFERA Blanco. (Figs. 14, 15). Palosapis. 



Local names: Apitong (Sibuyan Island, Capiz) ; apnit, duung (Abra) ; 

 bagobalong (Samar) ; betes or letis (Masbate) ; ddgang (Rizal, Bulacan, 

 Albay, Camarines) ; ddgiim. (Laguna, Tayabas, Albay) ; duyong (Ilocos 

 Sur, Ilocos Norte) ; laudn (Rizal) ; landn ptiti (Nueva Ecija) ; litis (Ticao 

 Island, Iloilo) ; mala-dtis (Rizal) ; maydpis (Rizal, Bataan, Zambales, Nueva 

 Ecija, Bulacan); palosdpis (Zambales, Pangasinan, Bataan, Nueva Ecija). 



PALOSAPIS RESIN 



A resinous oil, frequently known as oil of palosapis, is obtained 

 from the trunk of this species. This resin is very similar to 

 balau from Dipterocarpus grandiflorus, is obtained in the same 

 manner, and is used for the same purposes. 



Clover * says that an examination of the resinous oil from 

 Anisoptera thurifera (which he called mayapis) proved it to be 

 similar to that from Dipterocarpus grandiflorus and D. vernici- 

 fluus, but that it dried much more rapidly than either of the 

 latter; that it was light colored, apparently homogenous in 

 composition, and so viscous that it could scarcely be poured. 

 Heating to 100'^ caused it to harden, and exposure to the air 

 produced the same effect, changing it to a pearly, white solid. 

 He found that it contained 15 per cent of water and 25 per 

 cent of sesquiterpene oil, which could be removed by careful 

 distillation without decomposition. The residue was hard. 



The oil redistilled at 17 millimeters, possessed the characteristic odor 

 of the resin, and was very light yellow^ in color. Boiling point, 132" to 



140° (17 millimeters. Specific gravity, (^ggj =0.9056. 



Anisoptera thurifera reaches a height of 40 to 45 meters and 



* Clover, A. M. Philippine wood oils. Philippine Journal of Science, 

 Volume 1 (1906), page 191. 



