SEED OILS 117 



This species, like Canarium luzonicum, yields Manila elemi, 

 for a discussion of which see Canarium luzonicum, in the section 

 on resins. 



Canarium ovatum is a tree reaching a height of about 20 

 meters and a diameter of about 40 centimeters. The leaves are 

 alternate and compound with opposite leaflets, which are smooth, 

 rounded at the base, pointed at the tip, and from 10 to 20 centi- 

 meters in length. The flowers are greenish, fragrant, and about 

 a centimeter long. 



This species is very abundant in southern Luzon. 



Family MELIACEAE 



Genus CHISOCHETON 

 CHISOCHETON CU M I NGI AN US Harms. (Fig. 41). Balukanag. 



Local names: Bulita (Bukidnon sub-province;) balukanag (Laguna, 

 Camarines, Catanduanes Island) ; batiidkan (Benguet, Union) ; bayongboi 

 (Nueva Vizcaya) ; diualat (Tayabas) ; dudos (Albay) ; kalimotdin (La/- 

 guna) ; kcito (Bataan) ; makalsa (Negrito in Cagayan) ; malakaidd (Ne- 

 gros Oriental) ; maramabolo (Cagayan) ; pakalsa (Cagayan) ; salagin 

 (Laguna) . 



BALUKANAG OIL 



This species produces a nut averaging 3 centimeters in length 

 and 2.5 centimeters in width. The nut contains a considerable 

 percentage of non-drying oil. It is reported to have been, before 

 petroleum became common, the chief source of illuminating oil 

 in certain regions. The nuts have rather hard shells which, 

 according to Brill and Agcaoili,* constitute about 60 per cent 

 of the total weight of the seed and are somewhat diflicult to 

 separate from the meat. They found that 1 kilogram of shelled 

 nuts after drying w^eighed 698 grams, and yielded by extraction 

 with petroleum ether 308 grams, or approximately 31 per cent 

 of the fresh kernels, of a reddish-brown oil which had the specific 

 gravity 0.9203 at 15.5° C. 



The dried kernels had the following composition : 



Per cent. 



Fat (by axtraction) „ 44.12 



Protein (N x 6.25) 9.00 



Ash - - : 3.19 



By expression of the dried kernel, Brill and Agcaoili obtained 

 35.56 per cent of balukanag oil. According to them, the oil has 

 a rancid odor, is non-drying, and has purgative properties. The 

 laxative eflFect of 5 parts of this would be approximately equiva- 



* Brill, H. C. and Agcaoili, F., Philippine oil-bearing seeds and their 

 properties: II. Philippine Journal of Science, Section A, Volume 10 (1915), 

 page 107. 



