120 PHILIPPINE RESINS, GUMS, AND OILS 



60 per cent of solid fat with a strong, bitter taste, which can 

 be removed by prolonged boiling with water. The odor is 

 slightly acid and somewhat aromatic. 

 According to Watt : * 



The seeds yield, on expression, a whitish semi-solid fat. This remains 

 fluid only at high temperatures. It is used as a hair-oil, and also for 

 burning purposes. 



Family EUPHORBIACEAE 



Genus ALEURITES 



TUNG OIL AND LUMBANG OILS 



This genus contains a number of species with nuts which 

 yield a valuable oil. Perhaps the best known of these oils is 

 Chinese wood oil or tung oil. This is derived from at least two 

 Chinese species of the genus, Aleurites fordii Hemsley and A. 

 montana Wilson, which do not occur in the Philippines. Tung 

 oil, which has properties quite similar to those of the Philippine 

 lumbang oils, has been investigated quite extensively, and for 

 this reason a short account of this important oil has been in- 

 cluded. 



Tung oil is used in large quantities for the preparation of 

 paints, varnishes, linoleum, and for other similar purposes. 

 According to Brill and Agcaoili f 5,000,000 gallons of Chinese 

 wood oil were imported from China into the United States in 

 1911. These writers state that 40,000 trees have been planted 

 in the southern states by American paint concerns. 



As regards the importance of tung oil, the Oil, Paint, and 

 Drug Reporter $ states : 



* * * In recent years this oil has revolutionized the varnish industry 

 of the United States, for it has made possible the manufacture of a quick- 

 drying varnish that is less liable to crack than that made from kauri gum. 

 Tung oil has also been found of special value in waterproof priming for 

 cement. * * * 



EXTRACTION METHODS 



The Chinese methods employed for extracting the oil, although crude, 

 are effective. After the seeds are removed from the husks they are 

 placed in a circular stone trough, where they are crushed by a stone roller 

 drawn by a buffalo, cow, or ass. The pulverized meal is partially roasted 

 in shallow pans, then steamed over boiling water, the product meantime 



* Watt, G., Dictionary of the economic products of India, Volume 2 

 (1889), page 141. 



t Brill, H. C. and Agcaoili, F., Philippine oil-bearing seeds and their 

 properties: II. Philippine Journal of Science, Section A, Volume 10 

 (1915), page 113. 



t Oil, Paint, and Drug Reporter, Volume 91, February 12, 1917, page 

 48L. 



