160 PHILIPPINE RESINS, GUMS, AND OILS 



is 12 to 20 millimeters thick, brown, with a decided yellow 

 tinge, and has a tendency to divide into distinct ridges, which 

 are often broken into irregular rectangular patches by cross 

 fissures. The inner bark is pink to yellowish, with concentric 

 lines of darker color. When the bark is cut, a sticky, yellowish 

 sap exudes. The fruit is the size of a walnut. It has an outer 

 fleshy portion and contains a thin-shelled seed with a hard, oily 

 kernel. 



This species is probably distributed in all parts of the Phil- 

 ippines bordering on the coast. 



Family DIPTEROCARPACEAE 



A fat known as Borneo tallow is obtained from certain dip- 

 terocarp trees, especially Shorea, Hopea, and Isoptera. Hefter * 

 states that Borneo tallow is used in the Sunda Islands as food 

 and for making soap. He says that it has a light green or yellow 

 color and, when in a fresh condition, a pleasant taste, somewhat 

 like that of coco butter. 



According to Foxworthy,t this fat is used for manufacturing 

 candles, for cooking purposes, and for lubricating machinery. 

 He further says that it is derived chiefly from Shorea and Isop- 

 tera, and that the seeds of these species have a local value in 

 Borneo of 7.50 dollars per picul. 



Two species which Hefter says yield this product, Shorea ba- 

 langeran (Korth.) Dyer and Isoptera borneensis Scheff., have 

 been reported from the Philippines. 



A tree that is called Shorea balangeran (gisok) is distributed 

 in the Philippines from Luzon to Mindanao, but has never been 

 collected in fruit. Foxworthy % says : 



Our material credited to this species resembles very closely that shown 

 in Korthals' original figure [Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. (1848) t. 7] in leaf and 

 flower characters, except that there are more than fifteen stamens, in some 

 cases about thirty, and the appendage to the connective is ciliate. The 

 style is also shoi'ter than that shown in the figure. I have not seen the 

 type of Shorea balangeran and thus do not feel that it is desirable to 

 describe our form as a new species. Much of our material is sterile. 

 The fruit has not yet been collected. 



The only records we have of the occurrence of Isoptera bor- 

 neensis in the Philippines are seven collections from the District 

 of Zamboanga, Mindanao, and from Camarines. 



* Hefter, G., Technologie der Fette und Ole, Volume 2 (1908), page 680. 



t Foxworthy, F. W., Minor forest products and jungle produce. British 

 North Borneo Bulletin No. 1 (1916), page 57. 



t Foxworthy, F. W., Philippine Dipterocarpaceae, II. Philippine 

 Journal of Science, Section C, Volume 13 (1918), page 187. 



