DESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIES 377 



BIDENS PI LOS A L. PURIKET. 



Local names: Ang-ngudd (Benguet) ; dadayem (Batanes Islands); pu- 

 riket (Bontoc, Union). 



This plant is used in making an Igorot wine called sinitsit. 



Bidens pilosa is an erect, branched, more or less hairy herb 

 0.2 to 1.5 meters in height. The leaves are up to 15 centimeters 

 in length, the upper ones usually much smaller. They are once 

 or twice pinnately divided. The flowering heads are about 8 

 millimeters long, the disc flowers brown or yellowish, the ray 

 ones yellow or nearly white. The seeds are black, 1 to 1.5 cen- 

 timeters long, with four projections at the apex. 



This species is very common and widely distributed from 

 northern Luzon to southern Mindanao. 



Genus EMILIA 

 EMILIA SONCHIFOLIA (L.) DC. Tagulinau. 



Local names: Kipot-kipot (Sorsogon) ; marcilanana (Laguna) ; mulu- 

 mustasa (Negros) ; tagulinas (Tayabas) ; tagulinau (Polillo, Manila) ; 

 yayod-no-kangkdng (Batanes). 



This species is cooked and eaten as a vegetable. 



Emilia sonchifolia is an erect, smooth or slightly hairy plant, 

 which is 10 to 40 centimeters in height. The leaves are some- 

 what fleshy; the lower ones are lobed and 5 to 10 centimeters 

 in length. The flowering heads are purple and 12 to 14 milli- 

 meters long. 



This species is found from northern Luzon to Basilan in open 

 grasslands and waste places. 



Genus SONCHUS 

 SONCHUS OLERACEUS L. Gagalang. 



Local name: Gagalang (Benguet). 



This species is used as greens. According to Heyne,* it is 

 cultivated in some parts of Java. 



Sonchus oleraceus is an erect, annual, hairy or slightly glan- 

 dular herb, 40 to 60 centimeters in height. The leaves are 

 alternate, 10 to 20 centimeters long, and very coarsely lobed. 

 The flower heads are about 1 centimeter long, and yellow. 



This species is found occasionally in disturbed or cultivated 

 soil, especially in the Mountain Province. 



* Heyne, K., De Nuttige Planten van Nederlandsch-Indie, Volume 4, 

 page 254. 



