NATURAL DYES OF THE PHILIPPINES 389 



Pygeum glandulosum (amugan), Pijgeum preslii (lago), and 

 about sixteen less important species of this genus furnish a 

 dark, greenish-brown dye. 



Pygeum glandulosum is a tree reaching a height of 20 meters 

 and a diameter of 40 centimeters. The leaves are from 6 to 

 15 centimeters in length, rather sharply pointed at the tip, either 

 rounded or pointed at the base, and very hairy on both surfaces. 

 The flowers are yellow and borne on slender spikes. The fruits 

 are rounded and about 1.5 centimeters in diameter. 



This species is very common and is distributed from northern 

 Luzon to the Visayas. 



PYGEUM PRESLII Merr. Lago. 



Local names: Amongydng, amugan (Bataan) ; apitdn (Cagayan) ; ban- 

 glna (Mindoro) ; giipit (Rizal) ; humig (Isabela) ; lago (Tayabas, Bataan, 

 Rizal, Laguna) ; lani'itan (Bataan, Tayabas) ; mala-anonas, paitdn (Nueva 

 Ecija) ; malugmdt, tamayi'ian (Pampanga) ; pamilingan (Ilocos Norte) ; 

 panikin (Tayabas); tiinga (Bukidnon). 



The bark of Pygeum 'preslii yields a dark greenish-brown 

 dye. According to Brooks * it contains tannin. 



Pygeum preslii is a tree reaching a height of about 25 meters 

 and a diameter of about 50 centimeters. The leaves are from 

 7 to 15 centimeters in length, smooth on the upper surface, 

 slightly hairy below, pointed at the apex, the base usually 

 rounded or obtusely pointed. The flowers are small, white, 

 and borne on axillary racemes. The fruits are rounded and 

 about 1.5 centimeters in diameter. 



This species is very common and widely distributed in the 

 Philippines. It has been reported from northern Luzon to 

 southern Mindanao. 



Family LEGUMINOSAE 



Genus CAESALPINIA 

 CAESALPINIA SAPPAN L. SibUKAu. 



Local names: Sapdng (Ilocos Sur, Union, Tayabas, Bataan, Rizal); 

 sibukdu (Union, Bataan, Laguna, Guimaras Island, Negros, Mindoro, Zam- 

 boanga, Basilan). 



The most extensively used dye wood in the Philippines is 

 sappanwood, obtained from Caesalpinia sappan. This wood is 

 exported in considerable quantities to Hongkong and China. 

 The exports from 1912 to 1918 are given in Table L 



* Brooks, B. T., The natural dyes and colouring matters of the Philip- 

 pines. Philippine Journal of Science, Section A, Volume 5 (1910), page 445. 



