186 MINOR PRODUCTS OF PHILIPPINE FORESTS 



A decoction of the roots and stem is used as a febrifuge, tonic, 

 emmenagogue, or abortive, according to the quantity adminis- 

 tered. In Zambales it is also employed as an expectorant in 

 bronchial affections. This plant contains about 5 per cent of 

 berberine. 



• Genus CISSAMPELOS 



CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA L. KalaAD. 



Local names: Batang-bdtang (Cebu) ; kaldad, kalkaldad (Tagalog, 

 Iloko in Union and Cagayan) ; kalakalamdian (Batangas) ; kuskusipa 

 (Iloko) ; gulagulamdnan (Tagalog) ; ham.'pa'pdre, himpdra' (Bisaya) ; ma- 

 kabu (Bulacan) ; malarutto (Apayao) ; pare'-pdre' (Laguna) ; pari', sam- 

 papdre' (Bisaya); sansdu, sansau-sansduan, sinsaii-sinsdnan (Tagalog). 



The root when brewed in decoction is considered diuretic, 

 lithotriptic, pectoral, and febrifugal. The pounded leaves are 

 used to cure snake bites. They are a good antiscabious remedy. 



Distribution: Widely distributed throughout the Philippines. 



Genus PYCNARRHENA 



PYCNARRHENA M AN ILLENSIS Vidal Ambal. 



Local names: Ambal (Tagalog) ; bdgo (Negros) ; halikot, halot (Bisaya) ; 

 mamoiigol (Tayabas). 



The powdered root, taken internally, is used as a tonic 

 m.edicine. It is very efficacious as a cicatrizant. It is said that 

 it is also an excellent vulnerary and a remedy for snake bites, 

 and that the infusion is good for women in parturition. 



Distribution: Central Luzon to Zamboanga. 



Genus STEPHANIA 

 STEPHANIA JAPONICA (Thunb.) Miers Maratugi. 



Local names: Kuren (Batanes Islands); maratugi (Bontoc). 



This plant is said to be of value in the cure of itches. 



Distribution : Batanes Islands, Cagayan, Ilocos Norte, Bontoc, 

 Lepanto, Benguet, Batangas, Rizal, Laguna, Camiguin Island. 

 In thickets and forests at low and medium altitudes. 



Genus TINOMISCIUM 



TINOMISCIUM PHILIPPINENSE Miers Bayating. 



Local names: Bayating (Pampanga) ; lagtdng (Laguna); timbang- 

 timbang ( Tayabas ) . 



The white milky sap diluted with water is used as an 

 eyewash. 



Distribution : Pangasinan, Laguna, Tayabas, Biliran Island, 

 Lanao, Davao. In forests at low and medium altitudes. 



