CEUISE OP THE STEAMER COEWIN. 41 



these latitudes is not common. Several herds of sea-lions were found on the beaches and on the 

 rocks of the island. They evinced uo fear of our party until fired into, when they entered the 

 water and followed us from point to point, evidently viewing our intrusion with the greatest 

 curiosity and astonishment. 



Angular measurements were made on shore by Lieut. D. W. Hall to determine the heights of 

 the peaks and the dimensions of the island, with the following results : 



Feet. 



Height of east pinnacle old Bogoslov 334 



Height of center pinnacle old Bogpslov 289 



Height of west pinnacle old Bogoslov 324 



Breadth of base old Bogoslov 933 



Height of Sail Rock 875 



Width of isthmus (narrowest) 326 



Length of southern spit 1, 824 



Extreme length of island 7, 904 



General trend of island, SE. by E. and NW. by W. 



By observations of Lieut. J. W. Howison the position of Sail Rock was reckoned to be 

 latitude 53° 55' 18" north and longitude 108° 00' 21".7 west. 



In coucUisiou, I have to regret that this subject, so full of interest to science, could not have 

 been more satisfactorily discussed, but the relation which old Bogoslov bears to the new forma- 

 tion, the existence or non-existence of a crater in the latter, and the geological problems arising 

 open up a field of inquiry too vast for me to enter. It is with this knowledge that this report has 

 been confined to statements of facts and description of phenomena which fell under my observa- 

 tion during a reconnaissance of the island, and if any of them should prove a help to any others 

 in their investigations the most sanguine hopes of the writer will have been realized. 



Respectfully submitted. 



John C. Cantwell, 

 Third Lieutenant, U. S. Revenue Marine. 



REPORT OF SURGEON H. W. YEMANS, U. S. MARINE-HOSPITAL SERVICE. 



The recently formed portion of Bogoslov Island, Bering Sea, lies in latitude 53° 55' 18".5 

 north and longitude 108° 00' 21" west, and is of nearly circular shape, about one-half mile in 

 diameter and distinctly volcanic in its origin. It has, in previous descriptions, received the name 

 of new Bogoslofl' in contradistinction to the more ancient portion of the island, the two having 

 been thought by those who first saw them since the recent eruption to be separate islands. 



The exact date of the advent of the new portion above the sea-level is not definitely known. 

 Natives who were in that neighborhood claim to have seen smoke issuing from old Bogoslov 

 during and since the summer of 1882, but as they were at a considerable distance and no evidences 

 were to be discovered about old Bogoslov of recent eruptions, it is fair to presume that what 

 was seen arose from the new portion, which possibly had not at that time made its appearance 

 above water. Although known to be in superaqueous existence some ten months at the date of 

 this writing it had received no closer examination than that possible from the deck of a vessel 

 distant half a mile until the visit of tlie Gorwin, M. A. Healy, commanding. May 21, 1884. 



The credit of the first discovery belongs, I believe, to Captain Anderson, of the schooner 

 Matthew Turner, who saw and sailed partly around the island September 27, 1883. He describes 

 it at that time actively erupting large masses of heated rock and great volumes of smoke, steam, 

 and ashes from the apex and numerous fissures on the sides and base ; while at night bright 

 reflections of interior fires were distinctly visible. A few days later Captain Hayne, of the 

 schooner Dora, also saw it, but did not land. He gives a description similar to that of Captain 

 Aiulerson of its ai)pearauce. 



