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SECTION III. Of the RESIDENT BIRDS of Pennsylvania. 



By the Resident Birds, / mean those birds which, in rjeneral, continue in Pennsylvania the whole year; which build 

 their nests, rear their young, and are commo7ily thought to contimie, near the district in tvhich titey themselves were reared. 

 J shall enumerate these birds in the order of the Limvcan arrangement. 



ACCIPITRES. RAPACIOUS. 



Falco Leucocephalus. White-Headed Eagle. (Bald-Eagle.) This, in the opinion of some persons, is the same 



bird as the next species. But I cannot adopt this notion. 

 Falco regalis of Bartram. Travels. Great Grey Eagle. This is our largest Eagle. 

 Falco aquilinus of Bartram. Travels. Great Red-Tailed Hawk. This is the largest species of Ilawk hitherto dis- 



. covered in Pennsylvania. The tail is of a red brick colour. 

 Falco columbarius. Pigeon-Hawk. 

 Falco glaucus of Bartram. Travels. Bluish Hawk. A beautiful species. Colour a pale sky-blue. Tips of the 



wings black. Feeds upon its prey, as it flies along with it. 

 Strix virginiana. Great Horned Owl. 

 Strix Asio. Red Owl, Little Owl. (Screech-Owl.) 

 Strix varius of Bartram. MS. Hen Owl. This is a large species without ears. It is next in size to the Strix virginiana, 



or Great Horned Owl. Of a clay or dirt colour, spotted with darker brown. 

 Lanius Excubitor. Great Shrike. (Gust Bird ? Nine-Killer.) For some interesting information concerning this 



bird, see Transactions of the American Philosojjhical Society. Vol. IV. 



* Lanius CoUurio? Red-Backed Shrike. This species comes to us from the northward, in October or November. 

 In very mild winters, stays in the vicinity of Philadelphia. Is always with us in the spring, on its return to the 

 north. Does not breed with us : does not sing iu the autumn, but does iu the spring. 



PICE. PIES. 



Corvus Corax. Raven Crow. (Raven.) Corvus caruivorus of Bartram. Travels. Larger than the next species. 

 Coitus Corone. Carrion Crow. (Crow.f) This is the Corvus frugivorus of Bartram. Travels. 

 Corvus cristatus. Blue-Crow. (Blue-Jay, Jay-Bird.) 

 Picas pileatus. Pileated Woodpecker. (Wood-Cock.) 



» Picus erythi'ocephalus. Red-IIeaded-Woodpecker. Continues about Philadelphia, iu mild winters. In very 

 cold winters, it goes farther southward. 



* Picus auratus. Golden-W^ing- Woodpecker. Some few of these birds are seen among us, in the warmer or 

 milder winters. In general, they migrate farther southward. 



Picus viUosus. Hairy Woodpecker. Se-se-ah of the Wyandot-Indians. 



Picus pubescens. Downy Woodpecker. Sho-ah of the Wyandot-Indians. 



Sitta. Black-Headed Nuthatch. (Sap-Sucker.) 



Certhia fusea of Bartram. MS. Brown-Creeper. I believe this .species is not described. The general colour is a nut- 

 brown : speckled with black or deep dusky : some white spots on the first coverts. Edwards (Nat. Ilist. vol. I. 

 26.) has a bird a good deal like this. I mean his Little Brown and White Creeper. 



t There is another species of Corvus which differ from both the species here mentioned. It 

 makes a noise more like that of the Bavcn, or Corvus Corai. It keeps upon the sea-coast. Mr 

 I have never seen it 



