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GRALL^. CLOVEN-FOOTED. 



* Ardea Herodias. Great Heron. In very mild, open winters. 



* Charadrius \ociferu3. Noisj' I'lovor. (Ivildee, Kildeer). In very mild winters. 



GALLING. GALLINACEOUS. 



Meleagris Gallopavo. Wild-Turkey. I doubt if this be the same species as the domesticated kind, which is now 

 so commonly met with in various parts of the world. But I do not, in the least, doubt that the domesticated 

 kind was first brought from America into Europe. Indeed, I believe with Mr. Pennant, that America is exclu- 

 sively its native country. The Delaware Indians call the Wild-Turkey, I'e-lc-oo, or Blac-u. 



Tetrao umbellus. Ruffed Grous. (Grous). 



Tetrao cupido. Pheasant of Pennsylvania. (Pheasant). Pab-ha-cku of the Delawares. 



Tetrao virginianus. Maryland Partridge. (Pai-tridge, Quail). Po-j>n-cus of the Delawares. 



PASSERES. PASSERINE. 



* Columba migratoria. Passenger-Pigeon. (Wild Pigeon). See the Introduction, §. 



* Columba carolinensis. Carolina-Pigeon. (Turtle-Dove). It is only during our very mild winters, that this species 

 of Columba continues with us the whole year. 



.\lauda magna. Crescent Stare. (Meadow-Lark). Commonly continues with us during the whole year. In very se- 

 vere winters, migrates farther south. 

 Turdus migratorius. Red-Breasted Thrush. (liobiu). Iscliis-r/o-ckiis of the Delawares. 



* Turdus Polyglottos. Mimic Thrush. (Mocking Bird). 

 Ampelis Garrulus. Prib Chatterer. (Cedar-Bird.) 



liOxia Cardinalis. Cardinal Grosbeak. (Virginia Nightingale.) 



* Loxia Curvirostra. Crossbill. (Shear-Bird.) In moderate winters stays with us ; but generally goes farther south. 

 Commonly cornea to us, from the northward, about the beginning of September. 



Motacilla Sialis. (Blue-Bird.) Stays with us in mild winters. In general, disappears upon the setting in of the 

 very severe weather. A few days, however, of southerly wind and open warm weather, it is observed, will 

 bring them back to us, even in the depth of winter. 



Motaeilla Troglodytes ? (Marsh- Wren.) Commonly continues with us the whole year ; in the winter time, taking 

 shelter in our houses, stables, &c. 



Parus bicolor. Toupet Titmouse. 



Parus atricapilhis. Canada Titmouse. Little Pied Titmouse. 



* Parus virginianus. \irginiau Titmouse. This species sometimes continues with us all the winter. 



NOTE. 



In strict language, there are very few of our birds entitled to the name of Residents. Pennsylvania, like every 

 other portion of the United-States, is subject to great extremes of heat and cold ; and these extremes are known 

 to have a decided influence upon the dispositions of animals. During our coldest winters, therefore, many of 

 those birds, which I have considered as residents, migrate to the south. This was the case in the ever-memorable 

 winter of 1779 *nd 1780, when very few of the usually resident birds continued with us: and many of those, 

 which did continue, perished with the severity of the cold. 



