136 ZOOLOGY— 1!I1M)S. 



twelve miles to the north of the fort, at an approximate elevation of i),500 feet, 

 added nnmerous varieties to the list, many of which were not met with at 

 all farther down, and also afforded an opportunity of observing the vertical 

 range of many of the species. The timber consists mainly of the }ellow 

 pine, which here attains a large size, interspersed with more or less spruce. 

 Of the deciduous trees, the aspens were the only numerous representatives ; 

 these grew in thick groves on slopes of the mountains, and often attain a 

 great elevation, sometimes, indeed, forming the timber limit above the j)ine. 

 The small streams are thickly skirted with many deciduous bushes and 

 shrubs, prominent among which are the willows and alders. The fauna at 

 this point is analogous to the Canadian. 



On retm-ning to Fort Garland, I was aft'ordcdnn opportunity of making 

 a week's trip to the summer cavalry camp established on the banks of the 

 Ivio Grande, ninety miles northeast of the fort, llei-e I was most kindly 

 received by Captain Carraher and Lieutenant Pond, officers in charge, who 

 extended to me every courtesy and aid. 



The number and variety of the birds found along the Rio Grande 

 at this point did not diflVr in any noteworthy respect fi'om those in the 

 vicinity of Foii Garland, and tlie collecting trips made into the mountains, 

 which rise a few miles from the banks, gave similar results to those obtained 

 at Mount Bald)'. Returning to the post June 19, a short trip Avas made to a 

 series of alkali lakes, thirty miles northwest, and some interesting facts 

 o])tained regarding the nidilication of the water birds. The remaining time, 

 till July 2, was occupied in making daily exem-sions from the fort. 



In conclusion, I cannot refrain from mentioning the uniform courtcs}- 1 

 received from each and all of the officers of the ])ost. To Colonel Alexander, 

 the conunanding officer, to Captain Jewett, and to Lieutenant Uartz, whose 

 hospitality I enjoyed during my stay at the post, I am greatlv iii(l('l)ted. 

 Every possible aid in the prosecution of my work was extended. 



Leaving Southern Colorado July 2, 1 arrived at Fort Wingate, N. 

 Mex., the Tith. During a week's delay, attendant on fitting out the several 

 parties, short trips were niad<' into tlic ncighlmring region ; Dr. Xewberrv 

 and myself acconipanying tlie part>' (»n eacli occasion, and making col- 

 U'ctioiis in '/.(uAnixy. <)\\iiii;- to ilic ratlicr desolate nature of the coiiMfrN', 



