PASSERES— IGTERID AE— X ANTHOCEPHALUS ICTE ROCEPH ALUS. 315 



XANTHOCEPHALUS IGTEROCEPHALUS (Bou.). 

 Tellow'-headed Blackbird. 



Icterus icterocephalus, Bon., Am. Orn., i, 1S25, 27, pi. iii. 



Agelwus icterocephalus, Bd., Stans. Rep. Exp. Great Salt Lake, 1852, 326. 



Xanthoccphalus icterocephalus, Bd., P. R. R. Rep., Beckwitli'.s Route, x, 1859, 13. — Id., 

 Ive.s' Col. Exped., 1857-58, pt. iv, C— Xantus, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 

 1859, 192 (Fort Tejon, Cal.).— Bd., U. S. & Mex. Bound. Surv., ii, pt. ii, 1859, 

 Bird.s, 18.— Henry, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, 107 (New Mexico).— 

 Hayd., Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, xii, 18C2, 109.- CouES, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

 Phila., 18G6, 91 (Fort Whipple, Ariz.).— Jf?., ib., 1868, 84.— CoorEE, Birds 

 Cal., i, 1870, 267.— Stev., U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., 1870, 465.— CouES, Aiu. 

 Nat., V, 1871, 195.— Allen, Bui. Mus. Comp. Zool., 1872, 178.— CouES, Key 

 N. A. Birds, 1872, 156, f. 98.— Snow, Birds Kau., 1872, 11.— Aiken, Proc. 

 Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1872, 202.— Mereiam, U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., 1872, 

 686 (Idaho).— Bd., Brew., & Ridg., N. A. Birds, ii, 1874, 167, pi. xxxii, f. 9, 

 pi. xxxiii, f. 9. — Yaeeow, Rep. Orn. Specs., 1871, Wheeler's Exped., 1874, 

 35. — Yarrow & Henshaw, Rep. Orn. Specs., 1872, Wheeler's Exped., 1874, 

 19. — Henshaw, An. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., xi, 1874, 7. — Jrf., An. List Birds 

 Utah, 1872, Wheeler's Exped., 1874, 45.— Jd., Rep. Orn. Specs., 1873, 

 Wheeler's Exped., 1874, 64, 82, 121.— Allen, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 

 June, 1874, 18,30.— CoUES, Birds Northwest, 1874, 188. 



Agelaius icawi/toce/j/ia^Ms, WooDH., Sitgreave'sExp. Znfii &Col.Riv., 1854,80. — Newb., 

 P. R. R. Rep., vi, 1857, 87.— Heerm., P. R. R. Rep., x, pt. ii, 1859, 52. 



The lai'ge size and bright colors of this blackbird, as well as its habit 

 of flocking together at all seasons of the year, render it conspicuous among 

 its allies, and secure it attention wherever found. Its abundance in Utah, 

 Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona is attested by its having been noted 

 everywhere in that region traversed by the survey, and by the many spec- 



