Bre. 2 
Higa 
PHILIPPINE MANGROVE SWAMPS 
ILLUSTRATIONS 
REATHHT 
Rhizophora candelaria invading a mud fiat 
PLATE “IT 
Looking across a mangrove swamp at head of Tubugan Bay, 
Port Banga, Zamboanga. Yakal forest on hills in back- 
ground. From Philippine Journ. Sci., Sec. A, Vol. VI, 
. Swamps along coast, under water at high tide. Guinayan- 
gan, Tayabas. From Philippine Journ. Sci., Sec. A, Vol. 
VI,“ No: *1 
PLATE III 
Interior view of a mangrove swamp. The large tree is 
Sonneratia caseolaris (pagatpat), those trees with prop 
roots are Rhizophora conjugata (bakauan), and the smaller 
without prop roots are mainly Bruguiera parviflora. 
Bongabon, Mindoro 
PLATE IV 
Interior view of a mangrove swamp. The large tree is 
Sonneratia caseolaris (pagatpat), otherwise the stand is 
almost purely Bruguiera parviflora. Bongabon, Mindoro.... 
PLATE V 
Roots of Avicennia officinalis exposed by wave action... 
PLATE VI 
Myrmecodia, a plant inhabited by ants:..40 72 
. A section through the base of a Myrmecodia.................--...-------- 
PLATE VII 
Hydnophytum, a plant inhabited by ants. Diameter of base 
40 centimeters 
PLATE EX 
Nipa palm with flowers and fruit. From Philippine Agr. 
Rev., Vol. IX, No. 3 (1916) 
PATHE OX 
Fruit of nipa. From Philippine Journ. Sci., Sec. A, Vol. 
a, Fi OCs ee SS! ESS  Sa tS ee eae Sere aa 8 SMS 
. Section of fruit of nipa. From Philippine Journ. Sci., Sec. 
BES IVE, DO... 2 soccer ante eat ce moe ee eo ee eer 
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