102 MANGROVE SWAMPS 
trees near the edge of the stream are selected for the production 
of seed, as it is easier to collect seed from small than from large 
trees. This results in the use of rather small seedlings. 
These are gathered at a cost of from 2 to 3 pesos per 
thousand. The higher price is given for prompt delivery and 
when cash payment is made. The smaller sum is paid when 
the money is given as an advance, several months before the 
performance of the work. The advance-payment method seems 
to be the one in commoner use. In some places, bakauan-lalaki 
seedlings are paid for at the rate of 2 or 3 pesos per thousand 
and bakauan-babae at 3 or 4 pesos per thousand. The bakauan- 
lalaki seedlings are smaller and more numerous and are, there- 
fore, easier to collect than those of bakauan-babae. If the 
seedlings were placed 100 centimeters apart, 10,000 would be 
required to plant a hectare. If they were only 20 centimeters 
apart, 250,000 would be required. 
After gathering, the seedlings are placed in a shady place and 
allowed to wilt for about two weeks. This is said to render 
them resistant to the attacks of crabs and other marine animals, 
which would eat them if they were planted perfectly fresh. 
The principal planting season appears to be from May to 
August. May seems to be considered a less desirable month 
for planting than are the others, as the seedlings are said to 
be rather small during that month. 
In planting, the seedlings are simply shoved a short distance 
into the mud, so that they will stand erect. They are spaced 
40 to 100 centimeters apart. In some of the places visited, 
the seedlings were as close together as 20 centimeters. The 
most usual spacing seemed to be from 40 to 60 centimeters. 
The planting may be done very rapidly, as a man can go 
almost at a run and plant two luangs or more per day. From 
50 centavos to 1.20 pesos are paid for the planting of 10,000 
plants. 
The young plants are killed, if they are submerged for as 
long as three days; or if there is a flood while the plants are 
young, the excess of fresh water will kill many. 
Young plantations at the edge of the river are protected from 
damage from floating objects by a fence of branches stuck in 
the mud or by a planted hedge of pagatpat (Sonneratia spp.). 
Sometimes a line of older bakauan trees is left to protect a 
new plantation. Bakauan-babae is usually planted along the 
edge next the stream, while bakauan-lalaki makes up most of 
the stand back of the bakauan-babae. 
After the first year, it is customary to replant any blank 
spaces left by the death or destruction of any of the stand. 
