244 PHILIPPINE PALMS 
fruticans (nipa), Cocos nucifera (coconut), Corypha elata 
(buri), Arenga tremula (dumayaka), Metroxylon sagu (sago 
palm), while an inferior product is produced from Aveca caliso 
and species of Caryota. 
Bags. Stout bags are made in enormous quantities from the 
leaves of Corypha elata (buri) and Nipa. 
Baskets. Splints for baskets are prepared from the petioles 
of Arenga pinnata (sugar palm), Arenga tremula (dumayaka), 
Cocos nucifera (coconut), Corypha elata (buri), Heterospathe 
elata, and species of Caryota. Fibers from the husks of coco- 
nuts, split leaves of Corypha, and split stems of the rattan palms 
are also used in the manufacture of baskets. In many parts of 
the Malay Archipelago baskets are made from Metroxylon sagu 
(sago palm), but this use is not recorded from the Philippines. 
Beads. The mature seeds of Corypha elata (buri) are used 
in the manufacture of beads for rosaries. 
Blowguns. The hard outer wood of Livistona spp. (and per- 
haps others) is used to make blowguns. Two half cylinders 
are grooved, the grooves polished (or sometimes a fine metal tube 
inserted in the bore) and the two halves firmly lashed together. 
Bows. The outer wood of Livistona spp. is the favorite one for 
bows among practically all the hillfolk of the islands. 
Brooms. Coarse brooms are made from the leaves of Arenga 
pinnata (sugar palm), Corypha elata (buri), Cocos nucifera 
(coconut), Livistona cochinchinensis (tarau), and Nipa. 
Brushes. The fibers of coconut husks and the bases of the 
leaves of Arenga pinnata (sugar palm) are used for making 
brushes. 
Buttons. The mature seeds of Corypha elata (buri) and Coelo- 
coccus amicarum (Polynesian ivory-nut palm) are used in the 
manufacture of buttons. 
Buyo. The nut of Areca catechu sprinkled with lime and 
wrapped with the leaf of Piper betle (ikmo) is called buyo and 
is used for chewing. Various other palm nuts are sometimes 
substituted for those of Areca catechu. The substitutes include 
Adonidia merrillii, Areca caliso, Areca ipot, Heterospathe elata, 
Oncosperma, and Pinanga. 
Canes. See Rattans and Walking sticks. 
Cardboard (substitute for). The sheathing part of the leaves 
and also the spathe enveloping the flower stalk of Areca catechu 
are used as substitutes for cardboard. 
Carriers’ poles. On account of its great strength and springi- 
ness, the hard outer wood of Livistona spp. is a great favorite 
