420 PAPER PULP 
as fire in keeping out other vegetation. Burning or cutting 
these grasses seems to have no injurious effect on the stand but 
rather causes an increase in the rate of growth. From the fore- 
going, it will be seen that abundant grass areas can be found 
for the production of tremendous quantities of raw material. 
Richmond has investigated both kogon and talahib as sources 
of paper pulp and concluded that both species would make 
excellent paper. 
Kogon is a rank-growing, sod-forming grass about 1.5 meters 
in height. The study of kogon was carried on in connection 
with esparto grass, which has long been in use for the manu- 
facture of paper. Comparative analyses of these two species 
are given in Table II. Table III indicates the yield of paper 
cellulose to be expected under factory conditions, and the treat- 
ment and amount of soda necesary to produce a _ well-boiled 
paper. All four of the pulps produced by the experiments in 
Table III were light gray, clear, and appeared to be well reduced. 
An investigation of kogon also showed that no preliminary treat- 
ment was necessary, but that after being dried and hand picked 
or machine cleaned, it was ready for immediate digestion. 
TABLE II.—Analysis of kogon and esparto grass. 
Ash, alkaline hydrolysis, and cellulose calculated on dry material. 
Esparto | 
| Kogon | grass 
grass. | (Spa- | 
nish). 
| Per cent. | Per cent. 

Se Moisturev®. = 2. -* »2hs 8a eae 2 Oe eee Oat ee he ee ee ey eee 9.32 8.68 
IP Ateiatce. De peek ARE Te ANT. bn a Sms ya See, “Pen ee emo ieee 4.53) 3.71 | 
le giEby droly Sis/(2)meaee Sete ae Ds A eer Ae ee nT RETO yee ee Pane |) GET) | 
Tviaroly sis (5)! skis 2.0. a: Sa Ae a ee Rs See ee St eee ee 40.00 | 37.16 
Cellulose tt See RAE Le Ae eo et an: td Se ee) eee 50.11 | 55:16 


Chemical composition of kogon and esparto grass. 

| Kogon. | Esparto. 

| Per cent.| Per cent. 



Celiglose’ 2.2 o> See eS ca ee ates See, Dee EN ek eer PR re) ea 2 ER 46. 68 48.25 
Hatand wasnt 289 595 hh Se tee Cae el eee Cee ae a ieee os ee 1.16 2.07 
Aqueous ‘extracts 23.) 2 eee 2 Be Ne eg es ee a ee 10.80} 10.19 
| Pectous: substances: eee to sc ek 5 Oe. eee ae pe as ee ae ee 26 | 26.39 
Water 20 2 fo Se Ee See ee el re MPR Oe Se eee ane tle a Lig eee 11-33 | 9.38 
PABhine: 2 oo o2 5: Te PRS BERRA ne athe So gl SE ONE se ee DE ee NTE 4.03 | 7 
4 Figures from Richmond, G. F., Philippine Journal of Science, Vol. 1 (1906), p. 458. 

