MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS 423 
favorable as these figures would indicate, as frequently the bulk 
of the timber is comprised in only a few*species, these species 
being usually of the same family. In some forests the compo- 
sition is probably uniform enough and the volume of timber 
sufficient for pulpwood to be collected economically. How- 
ever, the wood in these forests commands such a price that 
it is doubtful if it would be profitable to use the wood for paper 
pulp.. The most feasible means of producing pulp from wood 
would probably be in connection with large sawmill units in 
using the waste for pulp. In large forests there is always a 
-considerable proportion of defective timber and besides in the 
operations of cutting there is always a large amount of waste 
produced. Trees which do not produce commercial lumber 
could, moreover, be cut and taken in at the same time as other 
logs. Richmond * has investigated several species of trees as 
a source of paper pulp. His figures on lauan, palosapis, and 
kupang are interesting, as these trees occur in large numbers. 
The first two form dense stands and produce a large part of 
the lumber cut in the Philippines. Palosapis and lauan are very 
similar in structure to other Philippine woods which occur in 
large quantities. The length of the ultimate fibers of these 
woods is given in Table VI. The figures in this table are taken 
from a longer table by Dr. F. W. Foxworthy. The approximate 
analyses of these woods is given in Table VII, taken from Rich- 
mond. In Table VIII are given data on experiments with the 
soda process on lauan, palosapis, and kupang; and in Table IX 
are data on the sulphite process. 
TABLE VI.—Dimensions of the ultimate fibers of some Philippine woods. 
[Figures from table by Dr. F. W. FoxwortuHy.] 











Diameter. 
Length. 7 
| Nawie! Total. Lumen. 
Maxi- | Aver- | Mini- | Maxi- | Aver- | Mini- Maxi- | Aver- | Mini- 
| mum. | age. | mum. | mum. | age. | mum. mum. / age. | mum. 
| mm. | mm. mm. mm. | mm. | mm. | mm. | mm. mm. 
Lauan (Pentacme con- | } 
CORUM Lee oe 2.28 1.94 1.138 0.026 | 0.022 0.017 | 0.017 0.014 0.009 | 
Palosapis (Anisoptera 
thuriferd) 2 — =.=. 2.62 1. 92 1.16 | 0.030 | 0.028 | 0.019 0.0092 | 0.0058 0.0031 | 
Kupang (Parkia ja- | 
DUTCH een 2 oe | ePiSOn| | eae 0.86 | 0.088 | 0.029 | 0.021 0.026 | 0.020 0. 014 


*@G. F. Richmond, Philippine Journal of Science, Section A, Vol. II, 
1907, p. 81. 
